Term
| The antigen binding site of and antibody is the most variable region of the antibody ..true or false |
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Definition
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Term
| What determins and antibody's class? |
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Definition
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Term
| B cell receptor complex includes the membrane bound form of the B cell's antibody in association with what? |
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Definition
| Ig alpha / Ig beta heterodimer |
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Term
| T cell receptor is a heterodimer made up of alpha/ beta or gamma / delta proteins in association with the what? |
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Definition
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Term
| cytokines are a category of __ |
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Definition
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Term
| chemokines are a spcials type of _____ that direct migrations of WBC. the cause movement... |
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Definition
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Term
| Only chemokines can control the _____of leokocytes |
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Definition
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Term
| what kind of bonds are important in receptor and ligand interactions? |
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Definition
| multiple noncovalent bonds |
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Term
| T cells use the____to bind peptides presented by MHC proteins on APCs. |
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Definition
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Term
| Formation of a TCR–pMHC complex initiates _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Mechanical forces augment T cell signaling in a manner that is dependent upon the association of the ___ subunits with the TCR |
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Definition
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Term
| Systemic bacterial infection is rapidly recognized as an emergency state leading to ________within the bone marrow |
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Definition
| neutrophil release into the circulation and increased myeloid cell production |
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Term
TCRs recognize antigens presented by MHC. That triggers the formation of multi-molecular signalosomes that lead to the generation of second messengers and subsequent activation of multiple distal signaling cascades
Ca+2-calcineurin-NFAT = NFAT
RasGRP1-Ras-Erk1/2 = AP-1
PKCθ-IKK-NFκB = NFκB
TSC1/2-mTOR pathways. These signaling cascades control many aspects of T cell biology. |
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Definition
Remember
Ca+2-calcineurin-NFAT = NFAT
RasGRP1-Ras-Erk1/2 = AP-1
PKCθ-IKK-NFκB = NFκB |
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Term
| In the peripheral lymphoid organs and tissues, naïve T cells are activated upon TCR engagement with foreign peptides presented by _____in response to pathogenic infection |
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Definition
| dendritic cells and other antigen-presenting cells such as B cells and macrophages |
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Term
TCR complex is composed of TCRα and β, and the CD3 proteins ...TCRαβ dimer is responsible for recognition of peptide-MHC complexes ..
CD3 proteins, consisting of δ, ε, γ and ζ chains, associate with TCR via _____________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Unlike TCRα and β chains, CD3 proteins are not directly involved in antigen recognition, but their cytosolic domains contain the ________ that are responsible for transmitting the TCR signal |
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Definition
| immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) |
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Term
Engagement of TCR triggers ITAM phosphorylation at the __ residues by
Src-family protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs),
leading to the formation of a proximal signaling complex and activation of downstream signaling events |
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Definition
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Term
| Cytosolic PTKs, such as the Src-family PTKs, Lck and Fyn, and the Syk-family kinase ζ-associated protein of 70 ZAP-70, are activated by ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Lck activation triggers the phosphorylation of ITAMs of ___proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| Phosphorylated ___ form docking sites for several PTKs and other proteins |
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Definition
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Term
| The phosphorylation of ___ at ζ chain recruits ZAP-70 via its SH2 domains, which specifically bind to phospho-tyrosine residues on ITAMs |
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Definition
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Term
| Direct association of ZAP-70 with the activated TCR/CD3 complex results in phosphorylation/activation of other proteins and recruitment of ___, leading to the formation of signaling complex |
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Definition
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Term
| Several studies have identified the primary role of ___phosphorylation in the regulation of phospho lipase C γ1 (PLCγ1) activation, cytosolic Ca+2 influx, and activation of distal signaling pathways, such as NFAT, AP-1 and NF-κB |
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Definition
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Term
| _____kinases (MAPs) ERK1 and ERK2 are activated upon stimulation |
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Definition
| mitogen-activated protein |
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Term
| The induction of ___immunity is dependent on the processing and presentation of antigen on MHC class I molecules by professional antigen presenting cells (APC). |
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Definition
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