Term
|
Definition
Solid Matrix of
collagen & Proteoglycans = 20-40%
Water = 60-80% |
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Term
|
Definition
Elastic (yellow) - ie: ear
Fibro (white) - ie: IV disc, labrum, pubic symphysis, menicus
Hyaline (articular) - ie: articulating surfaces of synovial jts |
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Term
|
Definition
Cancellous (trabeculae/spongy) - inner layer
Compact - outter layer |
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Term
|
Definition
organic material = 35%
Water = 20%
Minerals = 45% |
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Term
|
Definition
| Stress = Force or load per unit area |
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Term
| True or False: All CT have property of viscoelasticity? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
ability to dampen shearing forces
increase force and rate of stretch =
increase viscosity |
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Term
|
Definition
| Return to normal shape after stress is removed |
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Term
|
Definition
Tension - Pulling apart
Compression - pushing together
Shear - Stress across
combination - bending or torsion (rotary force) |
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Term
Stress-Strain Curve
Toe Region |
|
Definition
1st
min force produces a lot of deformation |
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Term
Stress-Strain Curve
Elastic Region |
|
Definition
2nd
Deformation is not permanent - structure will return to normal |
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Term
Stress-Strain Curve
Yield point |
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Definition
Based on angle and tissue structure
tissue will no longer returnn to normal - some deformation |
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Term
Stress-Strain Curve
Plastic Region |
|
Definition
| permanent deformation but still intact |
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Term
Stress-Strain Curve
Failure |
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Definition
gone too far
plastic range exceeded
tendons/ligaments will rupture, usually in the middle or avulsion |
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Term
Stress-Strain Curve
Slope of elastic region = |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| types of connective tissue include: |
|
Definition
| bone, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and blood vessels |
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|
Term
| connective tissue is composed of: |
|
Definition
| fibers, cells, and interfibrillar-hydrated networks of proteins |
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Term
| connective tissue fibers include (3 types) |
|
Definition
| collagen types I and II, and elastin |
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|
Term
| proteins found in connective tissue include (2 types) |
|
Definition
| glycoproteins (carbs+proteins) and proteoglycans (subset of glycoproteins) |
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Term
|
Definition
| make up ligaments, tendons, menisci and joint capsules; they're strong and capable of load bearing |
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Term
|
Definition
| make up articular cartilages and the nucleus of IV discs |
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Term
|
Definition
| capable of stretching and returning to its original formation |
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Term
|
Definition
| small amount of cells, large amount of extracellular matrix |
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|
Term
| CT that makes up ligaments |
|
Definition
| mostly collagen type I; arranged in direction of tensile force (this allows for mobility and stability) |
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|
Term
| CT that mostly makes up tendons |
|
Definition
| mostly type I collagen which is adapted to larger tensile forces |
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|
Term
| functions of cartilage (3) |
|
Definition
| distribute load evenly over surface, provide shock absorption, reduce friction |
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|
Term
Hip Joint Pathology:
Fracture |
|
Definition
| Due to boney failure of femoral neck |
|
|
Term
Hip Joint Pathology:
Osteoarthritis |
|
Definition
-Deterioration of the joints articular cartilage
-leads to decreased ability to dissipate load |
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Term
|
Definition
| A test used to assess hip flexor length. Patient lays flat on plinth, brings knees to chest, then lets one leg down to plinth. If the leg does not go all the way down to the plinth the Thomas test is positive - there is some hip flexor contracture |
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Term
|
Definition
| Test used to assess ITB length/ITB contracture. Patient lays on unaffected side, flexes knee and abducts leg. If the patient cannot adduct leg back toward the other leg then the ober test is positive for ITB contracture. |
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Term
| Which muscles are involved in hip flexion? |
|
Definition
1) Iliopsoas
2) Sartorius
3) Tensor Fascia Latae
4) Rectus Femoris
5) Pectineus
6) Adductor Longus |
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Term
| Which muscles are involved in adducting the leg? |
|
Definition
1) Pectineus
2) Adductor Longus
3) Adductor Brevis
4) Adductor Magnus
5) Gracilis
*Adductors produce torque in all planes |
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