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Kinesiology Final
Definitions
108
Sports
11th Grade
01/24/2013

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Cards

Term
Sprain 
Definition
Stretch pull or tear of ligament 
Term
Strain 
Definition
Stretch pull or tear of tendon or muscle 
Term
Contusion 
Definition
Bruise 
Term
Abrasion 
Definition
Skin is scraped by a rough surface- epidermis & dermis wear away, exposing blood capillaries 
Term
Physiology 
Definition
Function of how it works 
Term
Anatomy 
Definition
What & where something is located 
Term
Intrinsic 
Definition
Internal risks, physical individual risks 
Term
Epiphysis 
Definition
Ends of bone 
Term
Diaphysis 
Definition
Shaft of bone 
Term
Periosteum 
Definition
Outer covering of bone 
Term
Tuberosity 
Definition
Bump on a bone 
Term
Sesamoid 
Definition
Floating bone 
Term
Pulmonary 
Definition
Lungs 
Term
Laceration 
Definition
Flesh has been irregularly torn 
Term
Acclimation 
Definition
Adapting to new conditions or an environment 
Term
Ossification 
Definition
Developing of bone 
Term
Chondromalacia 
Definition
Inflammation of articular cartilage of posterior patella 
Term
Luxation 
Definition
Dislocation 
Term
Subluxation 
Definition
Partial dislocation 
Term
Ligaments 
Definition
Hold bones together 
Term
Cartilage 
Definition
Covering at the end of bones 
Term
Articulation 
Definition
Joints 
Term
Meniscus 
Definition
Cartilage that absorbs the shock in the knee 
Term
Osgoods Schlatters 
Definition
Irritation of patellar tendon where it attaches to the tibial tuberosity 
Term
Jumpers knee
Definition
Tiny tears in the middle of tendon 
Term
Epithelial tissue 
Definition
Protects internal/external body surfaces, forms structure for other tissues to organs 
Term
Somatotypes 
Definition
Body types 
Term
Thrombosis 
Definition
Formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel 
Term
Endomorph 
Definition
Heavy-more fat type of body 
Term
Viscera 
Definition
Internal Organs 
Term
Mesenteries 
Definition
Attach organs to abdomen wall 
Term
Diuretic 
Definition
Take fluids out of kidney 
Term
Shin Splits 
Definition
Muscle pulling on bone 
Term
Anterior compartment syndrome 
Definition
When artery on lower front part of leg is blocked off and cells die due to swelling and bruising 
Term
Integument 
Definition
Skin 
Term
Rotator cuff 
Definition
Controls rotation of the arm out away from the body and the stabilizes the shoulder 
Term
Neuritis 
Definition
Inflammation of the nerves 
Term
Acromion 
Definition
Top hook of scapula 
Term
Coricoid 
Definition
Bottom hook of scapula 
Term
Metabolism 
Definition
All the chemical processes in your body 
Term
Lactic Acid 
Definition
Waste product that builds up in muscle from exercise 
Term
Isotonic exercise 
Definition
Exercise that moves weight thru completely ROM- return to original position 
Term
Static stretch 
Definition
Stretch, reflex relax (10-30 sec)
Term
Proprioception 
Definition
Body's internal system for collecting info about its position to help maintain balance (knowing where it is in space) 
Term
Palpation 
Definition
Examine by touch 
Term
Capillaries 
Definition
Oxygen is given to cells, carbon dioxide is removed 
Term
Coronary 
Definition
Blood vessels that supply the heart muscle 
Term
Pericardium 
Definition
Outside covering of heart 
Term
Artery 
Definition
Blood vessels that carry blood away from heart 
Term
Vein 
Definition
Blood vessels that carry blood to the heart 
Term
Hemorrhage 
Definition
Indicates serious bleeding 
Term
Reaction Time 
Definition
Time it takes from recognition to complete movement 
Term
Fast twitch fibers 
Definition
Tire quickly, contract rapidly 
Term
Atrophy 
Definition
Shrinking in muscle size 
Term
Hypertrophy 
Definition
Increase in muscle size 
Term
Angina 
Definition
Chest pain 
Term
Chronic 
Definition
Formed after time 
Term
Acute 
Definition
Sudden 
Term
Glucose 
Definition
Blood sugar derived from breakdown of carbs 
Term
Glycogen 
Definition
Stored sugar in muscle/liver
Term
Ventricles 
Definition
Lower chambers of heart 
Term
Auricles 
Definition
Another word for atrium 
Term
Atriums 
Definition
Upper chambers of the heart 
Term
Crepitus 
Definition
Synovial fluid gets manipulated-cracking 
Term
Agonist 
Definition
Muscle involved in contraction- produces movement 
Term
Antagonist 
Definition
Muscle relaxes while the other contracts- allows movement 
Term
Valsalva effect 
Definition
Holding breath while working out, pressure on chest 
Term
Concentric contraction 
Definition
Muscle shortens to move body part 
Term
Vital Capacity 
Definition
Amount of Oand CO2 exchanged per breath 
Term
Bursea Sac 
Definition
Cushion filled with fluid, at the end of bones that prevent friction 
Term
Weeping lubrication 
Definition
When pressure of stress and movement squeezes out thin film of synovial fluid out of cartilage and lies between cartilage of joint where it is needed 
Term
Hypoesthesia 
Definition
Less sensation- numb 
Term
Hyperesthesia 
Definition
More sensation than normal 
Term
Paraesthesia 
Definition
Abnormal sensation- stinging, burning and tingling 
Term
Stroke Volume 
Definition
Amount of blood pumped to heart per beat 
Term
Edema 
Definition
Swelling 
Term
Axillary 
Definition
Armpit area 
Term
Cardiovascular 
Definition
Heart and blood vessels 
Term
Collagen 
Definition
Structural protein that makes up most connective tissue in different forms 
Term
Carotid 
Definition
Artery that is the main blood supply to brain 
Term
Ischemia 
Definition
Insufficient blood supply 
Term
Dilate 
Definition
To widen 
Term
Gynecomastia 
Definition
Development of female breasts in males 
Term
Interval training 
Definition
Alternating periods of relatively intense work and active recovery 
Term
Electrolytes 
Definition
Essential minerals 
Term
Ecchymosis 
Definition
Discoloration 
Term
Anabolic steroids 
Definition
Build up muscle tissue and androgenic 
Term
Fascia 
Definition
Covering of muscle 
Term
Hematoma 
Definition
Blood tumor 
Term
Inversion 
Definition
Raising inside part of foot 
Term
Popliteal 
Definition
Back of knee 
Term
Resorption 
Definition
Removal by absorption 
Term
Inertia 
Definition
Object in motion stays in motion, object at rest stays at rest 
Term
Synovial 
Definition
Membrane- produces synovial fluid 
Term
Condyles 
Definition
Rounded ends of femur 
Term
Kyphosis
Definition
Increase thoracic- posterior curve 
Term
Lordosis 
Definition
Increase lumbar anterior curve
Term
Heat Stroke 
Definition
Body lost ability to control temp. 
Term
Dorsi Flexion 
Definition
Toes toward skin 
Term
Myositis ossificans 
Definition
Bone develops in muscle 
Term
Referred Pain 
Definition
Pain that gets sent somewhere else 
Term
Mortice
Definition
Space the tibia and fibula make where talus goes 
Term
Trochlea 
Definition
Part of the talus that articulates with the fibula 
Term
Periostitis 
Definition
Inflammation of covering of bone 
Term
Ectopic 
Definition
Developing where it shouldn't 
Term
Congenital 
Definition
Anything that causes things inside womb 
Term
Pronation 
Definition
Palm of hand down 
Term
Supination 
Definition
Palm of hand up 
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