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Kidney diseases
glomerular and tubular problems
12
Medical
Graduate
06/04/2009

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

IgA glomerulopathy

(Berger's disease)

Definition

most common GN, nephritic or nephrotic

increased IgA synthesis, decreased clearance

mesangial IgA deposits - complement

hematuria after upper respiratory infection

slow to CRF

Term
poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Definition

nephritis

monst common postinfection GN, after group A strep

subepithelial deposits

diffuse proliferative

CRF uncommon

Term
diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis
Definition

SLE

nephritis

subendothelial DNA-antiDNA deposits

neutrophil infiltration of hyaline thrombi

evolves into CRF

Term
rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
Definition

includes Goodpasture syndrome - anti-basement membrane antibodies against collagen in glomerular and pulmonary capillaries

 

also microscopic polyarteritis, Wegener's granulomatosis

 

rapid loss of function, crescents

Term

minimal change disease

lipoid nephrosis

Definition

childhood nephrotic syndrome

T-cell cytokines cause GBM to lose negative charge

proteinuria (only albumin)

positive fat stain in glomerulus and tubules

fusion of podocytes

preceded by respiratory infection or immunization

normotensive

steroid therapy

Term
focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Definition

nephrotic

may be secondary to HIV or IV heroin use

EM - focal damage to visceral epithelial cells

non-selective proteinuria, hematuria

poor prognosis

Term
diffuse membranous glomerulopathy
Definition

most common adult nephrotic syndrome

may be secondary to drugs (captopril), infections (HBV), malignancy, autoimmunity

diffuse thickening of membranes, silver spike and dome pattern, beneath visceral epithelial cells

Term
Type 1 MPGN
Definition

nephrotic or nephritic presentation

seen wi/ HCV, HBV

subendothelial ICs with granular IF

tram tracks from splitting the GBM by mesangium ingrowth

Term
Type 2 MPGN
Definition

nephrotic syndrome

C3 nephritic factor, prevents degradation of C3

diffuse intramembranous deposits, tram tracks

progresses to CRF

Term
diabetic glomerulopathy
Definition

non-enzymatic glycosylation of GBM

increased vessel and tubular protein permeability

hyaline arteriosclerosis (efferents first)

osmotic damage from sorbitol

hyperfiltration damages mesangium

fusion of podocytes

Term
acute tubular necrosis
Definition

most common cause of ARF

anuria or oliguria

ischemia ATN caused by prerenal azotemia due to hypovalemia

pigmented renal tubular casts

elevated BUN and creatinine (ratio <15)

Term
tubulointerstitial nephritis
Definition

caused by pyelonephritis, drugs, infections, others

pyelonephritis - vesico-ureteral reflux, WBC casts

chronic - U-shaped cortical scars overlying a blunt calyx, visible with IV pyelogram

drugs- penicillin, rifampin, sulfonamides, NSAIDs, diuretics

fever, rash, oliguria, BUN: creatinine <15, eosinophilia and uria

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