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IB Film Experimental Filmmaking Key Terms
Experimental Filmmaking Key Terms
35
Film, Theatre & Television
11th Grade
11/29/2018

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Term
Zoopraxiscope
Definition

Considered by some to be the first movie projector. It was created by the photographic pioneer Eadweard Muybridge in 1879. 

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Term
Kinetograph
Definition

An early type of motion-picture camera designed by Thomas Edison and William Dickson in the United States.

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Term
Cinématographe
Definition

An early type of motion-picture camera (which also serves as a film projector and printer) designed by the Lumière brothers in France.

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Term
Special Effects
Definition

The illusions or tricks of the eye used in films.

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Term
George Méliès
Definition

The father of special effects.

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Term
Stop Trick
Definition

The illusion of disappearance, transportation, or transformation created when the camera stops recording, and an object is removed, moved, or replaced.

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Term
Superimpose
Definition

To put or lay on top of something else.

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Term
Multiple Exposure
Definition

Exposing film to focused light more than one time to generate a picture consisting of superimposed images.

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Term
Hand Coloring
Definition

A method of manually adding color to a photograph.

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Term
Dissolve
Definition

A gradual transition from one image to another.

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Term
Homage
Definition

Showing respect to an artist, writer, musician, etc. by using their style or ideas in your own work.

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Term
Conventional
Definition

Following traditional forms and genres.

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Term
Avant-Garde
Definition

Favoring or introducing experimental or unusual ideas without regard to the structures and demands of convention.

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Term
Status Quo
Definition

The existing state of affairs (the established system).

 

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Term
Subvert
Definition

To disrupt the power and authority of an established system or institution.

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Term
European Avant-Garde
Definition

A movement that began with experimentation in painting, graphic design, and film with artists including Hans Richter (Germany) and Fernand Léger (France) as well as filmmakers belonging to such avant-garde movements as Dadaism (officially founded in Switzerland) and Surrealism (officially founded in France).

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Term
Expressionism
Definition

A reaction against realism that began in Germany (1920s). Its practitioners use extreme distortions in expression to show an inner emotional reality rather than what was on the surface.

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Term
Abstract
Definition

Art that is not related to recognizable images from the real world.

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Term
Surrealism
Definition

Art that seeks to tap into the unconscious mind to render the incoherent narratives of dreams directly in images.

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Term
Stop Motion
Definition

An object is moved in small increments between individually photographed frames, creating the illusion of independent movement.

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Term
Pure Cinema
Definition

Cinéma Pur (French) A non-story, non-character film that conveys emotional experiences through unique cinematic devices such as montage, movement, angles, optical effects, and composition.

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Term
Collage Film
Definition

Juxtaposing found footage from disparate sources in order to re-contextualize it.

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Term
Found Footage
Definition

Archival footage from the past or stock footage.

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Term
Evoke
Definition

To bring a feeling, memory, or picture into the mind.

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Term
Time-lapse
Definition

Recording a series of single pictures (or a long video) over an extended period of time and then putting them together in a fast sequence to show the action happening very quickly.

 

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Term
Retiming
Definition

Adjust playback speed and/or reverse a clip.

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Term
Blending Modes
Definition

 

Used to determine how two layers are combined into one. Options including screen (100% black is ignored), multiply (100% white is ignored), darken, lighten, color burn (subtract color), linear burn (subtract brightness), color dodge (add color), and light dodge (add brightness).

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Term
Distortion Filters
Definition

Used to change the shape of your objects, warping, twisting, and pulling them in all directions.

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Term
Tiling Filters
Definition

 

Used to create a wide variety of geometric patterns from the simple to the complex. The image can be repeated and arranged into many new and exciting mosaics.

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Term
Compositing
Definition

The combining of visual elements from separate sources into single images, often to create the illusion that all those elements are parts of the same scene.

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Term
Keying
Definition

Used to remove a selected color, typically in the backdrop of the image (Chroma - green background, blue background) or a selected brightness level (Luma - black ground, white background).

 

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Term
Masking
Definition

Selectively blocking portions of the image. Originally they used a custom blackout layer in front of the lens to block a portion of the film from being exposed to light. Digitally, masks can be drawn, shaped, or even created from other images using chroma, alpha, or luminance values. Masks are often used with matte images.

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Term
Matte Image
Definition

A background image (hand painted, digitally painted, rendered in 3D, or photographed). Often used in conjunction with masks to fill in an image with a false, distant background.

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Term
Color Grading
Definition

The process of altering and enhancing the color of a video to generate artistic color effects.

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Term
French New Wave
Definition

A style of cinema that started in the late 1950s when young French cinephiles rejected studio-bound, script-centered filmmaking and began experimenting with techniques such as jump cuts, rapid editing, shooting on location, natural lighting, improvised dialogue and plots, direct sound recording, mobile (moving) cameras, long takes, moving frames, freeze frames, and breaking the fourth wall.

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