Term
|
Definition
| A structured ranking of entire groups of people that perpetuates unequal economic rewards and power in a society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A social system in which the position of each individual is influenced by his or her achieved status. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A social system in which there is little or no possibility of individual mobility. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A system of enforced servitude in which people are legally owned by others and in which enslaved status is transferred from parents to children |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hereditary systems of rank, usually religiously dictated, that tend to be fixed and immobile. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Set of concepts centered around models of social stratification in which people are grouped into a set of hierarchical social categories. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to non-financial social assets; education, intellectual, which might promote social mobility beyond economic means. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Category of people socially defined on the basis of physical characteristics. Ascribed Status. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Shared cultural heritage (language, customs, religion, nationally). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Negative attitude towards an entire category of people, such as a racial or ethnic minority. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Unreliable generalizations about all members of a group that do not recognize individual differences within the group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The belief that one race is supreme and all others are innately inferior. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of denying opportunities and = rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice or other arbitrary reasons. |
|
|
Term
| Individual Discrimination |
|
Definition
| One person discriminates against any particular people group. |
|
|
Term
| Institutional Discrimination |
|
Definition
| The denial of opportunities and = rights to individuals and groups that results from the normal operations of a society, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process by which a person forsakes his or her own cultural tradition to become part of a different culture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mutual respect between the various groups in a society for one another’s cultures, which allows minorities to express their own cultures without experiencing prejudice. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An interactionist perspective that states that interracial contact between people of equal status in cooperative circumstances with reduce prejudice. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| View that, for any specific kind of entity, three is a set of incidental attributes all of which any are necessary to its identity and function. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Developing your specific gender over time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Expectations regarding the proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of males and females. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ideology that one sex is superior to the other. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organized patterns of beliefs and behaviors centered on basic social needs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A set of people related by blood, marriage, or adoption who share the primary responsibility for reproduction and caring for members of society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a person’s relatives collectively. Family relationship. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A married couple and their unmarried children living together. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A family in which relatives – such as grandparents, aunts, or uncles – lie in the same home as parents and their children. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The restriction of mate selection to people within the same group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The requirement that people select mates outside certain groups. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of marriage in which one woman and one man are married only to each other. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of marriage in which a person can have several spouses in his or her lifetime but only one spouse at a time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of marriage in which an individual can have several husbands or wives simultaneously. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A kinship system that favors the relatives of the father. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A kinship system that favors the relatives of the mother. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A kinship system in which both sides of a person’s family are regarded as equally important. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A society in which men dominate family decision making |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A society in which women dominate in family decision making. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An authority pattern in which the adult members of the family are regarded as equals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Statements to which member adhere. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What is expected, and what does a specific religious community do? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The connection that people make to a religious group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A formal process of learning in which some people consciously teach while others adopt the social role of learner. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The practice of placing students in specific curriculum groups on the basis of test scores and other criteria. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Standards of behavior that are deemed proper by society and are taught subtly in schools. |
|
|
Term
| Teacher-expectancy effect |
|
Definition
| The impact that a teacher’s expectations about a student’s performance may have on the student’s actual achievements. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Who gets what, when, and how.” – Harold D. Lasswell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of government in which sovereignty is actually or nominally embodied in a single individual. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A form of social organization characterized by submission to authority. It is usually opposed to individualism and libertarianism. Concentrated in small group of politicians. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Political system where the state recognizes no limits to its authority and strives to regulate every aspect of public and private life wherever feasible. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Egalitarian form of government in which all the citizens of a nation together determine public policy, the laws and the actions of their state, requiring that all citizens have an equal opportunity to express their opinion. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Social institution through which goods and services are produces, distributed, and consumed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An economic system in which the means of production are largely in private hands and the main incentive for economic activity is the accumulation of profits. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An economic system under which the means of production and distribution are collectively owned. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ability to exercise one’s will over others. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The actual or threatened use of coercion to impose other’s will on others. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The exercise of power through a process of persuasion. Informal norms 61 Norms that generally are understood but are not precisely recorded. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Power that has been institutionalized and is recognized by the people over whom it is exercised. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Legitimate power conferred by custom and accepted practice |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Max Weber’s term for power made legitimate by a leaders exceptional personal or emotional appeal to his or her followers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Max Weber’s term for power made legitimate by law. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A view of society in which many competing groups within a community have access to governmental officials so that no single group is dominant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The view of society as ruled by a small group of individuals who share a common set of political and economic interests. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A term used by C Wright Mills for a small group of military, industrial, and government leaders who control the fate of the US. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process by which individuals acquire political attitudes and develop patterns of political behavior. |
|
|
