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The top three factors that predict attraction are... |
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1) Proximity
2) Physical Attraction
3) Similiarity |
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| people tend to choose as friends or partners those who are similar to themselves in a attractiveness. Opposites retract. |
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| romantic and sexual attraction |
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| deep, affectionate attachment |
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| receive in proportion what you give |
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| self-disclosure, closeness and caring |
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| reward theory of attraction |
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| that we will like those whose behavior is rewarding to us and that we will continue relationships that offer more rewards than costs |
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| revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others |
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| unselfish regard for the welfare of others |
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| the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present |
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| a perceived incompatibility of actions, goals or ideas |
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| shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation |
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| we see "them" as untrustworthy and evil intentioned, so "they" see us. Each demonizes the other. |
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| suggests how we explain someone's behavior- by crediting either the situation or the person's disposition |
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| the scientific study of how we think about, influence and relate to one another |
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| the fundamental attribution error |
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| tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the impact of personal disposition |
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| feelings often based on our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people and events |
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| foot-in-the-door phenomenon |
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| the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request |
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| a set of explanations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave |
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| cognitive dissonance theory |
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| the theory that we reduce the discomfort (dissonance) we feel when two of our thoughts (cognitions) are inconsistent. |
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| normative social influence |
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| influence resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval |
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| informational social influence |
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| influence resulting form one's willingness to accept others' opinions about reality |
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| stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others |
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| the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable |
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| the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity |
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| the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives |
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| "us"- people with whom shares a common identity |
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| "them"- those perceived as different or apart from one's ingroup |
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| the tendency to favor one's own group |
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| the theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame |
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| the tendency of people to believe the world us just and that people therefor get what they deserve and deserve what they get |
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| an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling and acting |
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| saying anything- no matter how embarrassing or unacceptable in may be |
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| the process by which child incorporate their parents' values into their developing superegos |
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| defense mechanism where the ego unconsciously switches unacceptable impulses into their opposites. Ex: "i hate him" becomes "i love him" |
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| Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) |
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| a projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes |
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| Jung's idea of shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history |
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| unconditional positive regard |
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| according to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance towards another person |
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| a questionnaire on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behavior; used to assess selected personality traits |
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| a test (such as the MMPI) developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups |
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| views behavior as influenced by the interaction between persons (and their thinking) and their social context |
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| the interacting influences between personality and environmental factors |
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| external locus of control |
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| the perception that chance or outside forces beyond one's personal control determine one's fate |
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| internal locus of control |
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| the perception that one controls one's own fate |
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| overestimating others' noticing and evaluating our appearance, performance and blunders |
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