rebellious

shares root with contemptuous 

relating to precious stones or the art of cutting them

"one skilled in working with precious stones," 1382, from O.Fr. lapidaire, from L. lapidarius "stonecutter," originally an adj. "of or working with stone," from lapis (gen. lapidis) "stone." 

apparent

shares root with ostentatious, meaning "vain display"... this means "displayed". 

flamboyance; verve; flair

1553, "a tuft or plume of feathers," from M.Fr. pennache "tuft of feathers," from It. pennaccio, from L.L. pinnaculum "small wing, gable, peak" (see pinnacle). Fig. sense of "display, swagger" first recorded 1898 (in translation of "Cyrano de Bergerac"), from French. 

cowardly

1390 (implied in pusillanimity), from L.L. pusillanimis "having little courage" (used in Church L. to translate Gk. oligopsychos "small-souled"), from L. pusillis "very weak, little" (dim. of pullus "young animal") + animus "spirit, courage." 

humorous in a vulgar way; obscene

c.1240, "a rogue, ruffian, rascall, scoundrell, varlet, filthie fellow" [Cotgrave], from O.Fr. ribalt, of uncertain origin, perhaps from riber "be wanton, sleep around," from a Gmc. source (cf. O.H.G. riban "be wanton," lit. "to rub," possibly from the common euphemistic use of "rub" words to mean "have sex"), from P.Gmc. *wribanan, from PIE base *wer- "to turn, bend" (see versus). The adj. is attested from 1500, from the noun. Ribaldry is recorded from c.1300. 

prominent; of notable significance

1562, "leaping," a heraldic term, from L. salientem (nom. saliens), prp. of salire "to leap," from PIE base *sel- "to jump" (cf. Gk. hallesthai "to leap," M.Ir. saltraim "I trample," and probably Skt. ucchalati "rises quickly"). The meaning "pointing outward" (preserved in military usage) is from 1687; that of "prominent, striking" first recorded 1840, from salient point (1672), which refers to the heart of an embryo, which seems to leap, and translates L. punctum saliens, going back to Aristotle's writings. Hence, the "starting point" of anything. 

to calm down or moderate

O.E. slacian "slacken an effort," from slæc "lax" (see slack). Sense of "allay" (in ref. to thirst, hunger, desire) first recorded c.1325. 

related to spring; fresh; youthful

"pertaining to spring," 1534, from L. vernalis "of the spring," from vernus "of spring," from ver "spring," from PIE *wesr- "spring" (cf. O.N. var "spring," Gk. ear, Skt. vasantah, Pers. bahar, O.C.S. vesna "spring," Lith. vasara "summer").

"spring," 1824, from It., lit. "spring time," from L. prima vera, pl. of primus ver "first spring;" for second element, see vernal.