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| often called narrative past, used especially in written communication |
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ich spielte
du spieltest
er spielte
wir spielten
ihr spieltet
sie spielten
Sie spielten |
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| Modals in the Simple Past |
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NO UMLAUTS IN STEMS!
ich durfte
du durftest
er durfte
wir durften
ihr durftet
sie durften
Sie durften |
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Stem Vowel Changes in Simple Past -
brennen |
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to speak -
sprach
sprachst
sprach
sprachen
spracht
sprachen
sprachen |
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ich war
du warst
er war
wir waren
ihr wart
sie waren
Sie waren |
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ich wurde
du wurdest
er wurde
wir wurden
ihr wurdet
sie wurden
Sie wurden |
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| Past Participle formation |
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ge + stem + (e)t
gespielt
gearbeitet
geöffnet |
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Stem Change Past Participles -
brennen |
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| Past Participles of Seperable Prefix Verbs |
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abholen
ab + ge + holt
prefix - ge - regular verb stem |
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| Inseperable Prefix Verbs - Past Participle |
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Some prefixes are never seperated (unstressed in pronunciation)
be- emp- ent- er- ge- ver- and zer-
These participles do NOT add the ge- prefix
Verbs ending in -ieren change to
-iert |
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| bezahlen - past participle |
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| Past Perfect Tense - Definition |
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This tense is NOT used by itself.
It is used to report an event or action, expressed or implied, that took place before another event or action in the past.
2nd point earlier in past -
Past Perfect
1st point in past time -
Present Perfect or Simple Past
Present time - Present
Unfortunately, my friend had already seen the film on Monday that I wanted to see on Wednesday. |
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| Past Perfect Tense - Formation |
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simple past of haben or sein + past participle
Hatte mein Freund den Film am Montag schon gesehen. |
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| hören, lassen und sehen can take dependent infinitives without zu |
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Double infinitive construction with modals, hören, lassen and sein
Used with past or present perfect tense |
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ALWAYS USED WITH HABEN
Ich habe es nicht schreiben wollen.
Modal/lassen/sein/hören in final position! |
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