Term
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Definition
| Part of the rubber stopper from a medication vial is broken off by incorrect needle insertion or too many sticks. |
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Definition
| Living organisms such as bacteria, molds, and fungi, which are not visible to the naked eye. |
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Definition
| Extraneous undissolved substances that are present in parenteral solutions. |
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Definition
| A substance capable of causing a fever |
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Term
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Definition
| Microorganisms with a special protective shell. |
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Definition
| The absence of any live bacteria or other microorganisms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of removing or destroying all viable forms of microorganisms. |
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Term
| Intravenous solutions should be... |
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Definition
- Free of particulate matter
- Clear but not necessarily colorless (with the exception of lipids)
- Stable tonicity
- Stable pH
- Sterile
- Free of pyrogens
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Term
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Definition
| A common particulate present, especially when preparing solutions from an ampule or glass container. |
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Term
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Definition
| A common particulate present, sometimes resulting from the coring of a vial. |
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Term
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Definition
| come from boxes or paper wrapping of syringe or alcohol swabs are very common. |
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Term
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Definition
| created by resistant type of bacteria or fungi. |
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Term
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Definition
| from air vents, dirty drug containers, and shelves. |
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Term
| What are examples of particulate matter? |
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Definition
- Glass
- Rubber
- Paper-like fibers
- Spores
- Dust
- Cosmetics, hair follicles, skin flakes
- Precipitates from chemical incompatibilities
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Term
| USP/NF 797 requires that all surfaces of the direct compounding environment should be first cleaned with ______ water, to remove any water soluble residues, then immediately cleaned after the same surfaces sanitized with _____ 70% isopropyl alcohol, and wiped clean with a non shedding wipe. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to the number of dissolved substances found in a solution. |
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Term
| ______ solutions have the same number of dissolved substances as blood serum and are therefore the safest type of solution (0.9% NaCl and D5W) |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ solutions have a lower concentration of dissolved substances than blood serum, which often causes the red blood cells to absorb the surrounding water and swell, which may lead to the cells bursting. (Water, 0.45% NaCl, and D2.5W) |
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Definition
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Term
| The pH scale ranges from _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 0-6 on the pH scale are the most to least _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Seven (7) on the pH scale is _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Eight to fourteen being the least to most _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Normal pH of plasma is around _____. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| works on the basis of either moist heat, which is utilized to coagulate the protein contained in microorganisms, or dry heat, which causes death by oxidation. |
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Term
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Definition
| is usually performed in an oven utilizing temperatures between 140-260° Celsius. This method is useful for non aqueous solutions and dry chemicals. |
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Term
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Definition
| is usually performed in an autoclave, which uses saturated steam under high pressure. Glass ampules, bulk solutions and glassware are easily sterilized by this method. |
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Term
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Definition
| uses chemical agents to prevent the microorganism from being able to use or synthesize the proteins it needs for development and growth. The most common chemical agent used in this process is ethylene oxide. |
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Term
| ______ sterilization is the easiest and most frequently used form of sterilization in pharmacies. |
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Definition
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Term
| For a filter to prevent the passage of all bacteria, it must be no more than _______ in size. |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ are not easily removed by heat, autoclaving or even filtration. Therefore, other methods must be used to assure removal of harmful substances. (Oxidation) |
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Definition
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Term
| For sterilization AND depyrogenation process the ideal temperature would be _____ celsius for _____ minutes. |
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Definition
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