Term
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Definition
| the effort to develop computer-based systems that can behave like humans, with the ability to learn languages, accomplish physical tasks, use a perceptual apparatus, and emulate human expertise and decision making. |
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Definition
| technology for enhancing visualization that provides a live view of a physical world environment whose elements are augmented by virtual computer-generated imagery. |
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| Balanced scorecard method |
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Definition
| framework for operationalizing a firm's strategic plan by focusing on measurable financial, business process, customer, and learning and growth outcomes of firm performance. |
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| Business performance management (BPM) |
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Definition
| systematically translate a firm's strategies (differentiation, low-cost producer, market share growth, and scope of operation) into operational targets. |
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| Case-based reasoning (CBR) |
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Definition
| artificial intelligence technology that represents knowledge as a database of cases and solutions |
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Definition
| Simon's third stage of decision making, when the individual selects among the various solution alternatives. |
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Definition
| technology for helping users see patterns and relationships in large amounts of data by presenting the data in graphical form. |
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Definition
| Simon's second stage of decision making, when the individual conceives of possible alternative solutions to a problem. |
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Term
| Digital asset management systems |
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Definition
| classify, store, and distribute digital objects such as photographs, graphic images, video, and audio content. |
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Definition
| the ability to move from summary data to lower and lower levels of detail. |
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Term
| Enterprise content management systems |
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Definition
| help organizations manage structured and semistructuued knowledge, providing corporate repositories of documents, reports, presentations, and best practices and capabilities for collecting and organizing e-mail and graphic objects. |
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Term
| Enterprise-wide knowledge management systems |
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Definition
| general-purpose, firmwide systems that collect, store, distribute, and apply digital content and knowledge. |
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Term
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Definition
| user-created taxonomies for classifying and sharing information |
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Definition
| rule-based AI that tolerates imprecision by using nonspecific terms called membership functions to solve problems. |
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Definition
| problem-solving methods that promote the evolution of solutions to specified problems using the model of living organisms adapting to their environment. |
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| Geographic information systems (GIS) |
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Definition
| systems with software that can analyze and display data sing digitized maps to enhance planning and decision-making. |
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Term
| Group decision-support systems (GDSS) |
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Definition
| an interactive computer-based system to facilitate the solution to unstructured problems by a set of decision makers working together as a group. |
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Term
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Definition
| Simon's final stage of decision-making, when the individual puts the decision into effect and reports on the progress of the solution. |
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Term
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Definition
| the first of Simon's four stages of decision making, when the individual collects information to identify problems occurring in the organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| the strategy used to search through the rule base in an expert system; can be forward or backward chaining. |
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Term
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Definition
| software programs that use a built-in or learned knowledge base to carry out specific, repetitive, and predictable tasks for an individual user, business process, or software application. |
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Term
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Definition
| technologies that aid decision makers by capturing individual and collective knowledge, discovering patterns and behaviors in very large quantities of data, and generating solutions to problems that are too large and complex for human beings to solve on their own. |
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Term
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Definition
| powerful desktop computers for financial specialists, which are optimized to access and manipulate massive amounts of financial data. |
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Term
| Key performance indicators (KPIs) |
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Definition
| measures proposed by senior management for understanding how well the firm is performing along specified dimensions. |
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Definition
| model of human knowledge that is used by expert systems. |
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Definition
| the set of processes developed in an organization to create, gather, store, maintain, and disseminate the firm's knowledge. |
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| Knowledge network systems |
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Definition
| online directory for locating corporate experts in well-defined knowledge domains. |
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| Knowledge work systems (KWS) |
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Definition
| information systems that aid knowledge workers in the creation and integration of new knowledge in the organization. |
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| Learning management system (LMS) |
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Definition
| Tools for the management, delivery, tracking, and assessment of various types of employee learning. |
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Definition
| hardware or software that attempts to emulate the processing patterns of the biological brain. |
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Definition
| spreadsheet tool for reorganizing and summarizing two or more dimensions of data in a tabular form. |
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Definition
| decisions in which only part of the problem has a clear-cut answer provided by an accepted procedure. |
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Definition
| models that ask "what-if" questions repeatedly to determine the impact of changes in one or more factors on the outcomes. |
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Definition
| capability for users to save their bookmarks to Web pages on a public Web site and tag these bookmarks with keywords to organize documents and share information with others. |
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Definition
| decisions that are repetitive, routine, and have a definite procedure for handling them. |
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Definition
| knowledge in the form of structured documents and reports. |
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Definition
| expertise and experience of organizational members that has not been formally documented. |
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Definition
| nonroutine decisions in which the decision maker must provide judgment, evaluation, and insights into the problem definition; there is no agreed-upon procedure for making such decisions. |
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Definition
| interactive graphics software and hardware that create computer-generated simulations that provide sensations that emulate real-world activities. |
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Term
| Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) |
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Definition
| a set of specifications for interactive three-dimensional modeling on the World Wide Web. |
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