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| review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act |
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| Strict Constructionist View |
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| one who favors a strict interpretation of the Constitution of the United States |
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| Loose Constructionist View |
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| one who favors a loose interpretation of the Constitution of the United States |
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| A case in which the Court established a precedent for judicial review in the United States, declaring that acts of Congress that conflict with the Constitution are open to review by the Supreme Court |
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| A case in which the Court established a precedent that criminal suspects must be informed of their Fifth Amendment privileges (right to remain silent) by police |
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| A case in which the Court established a precedent that students have a right to protest in a school setting as long as it isn't offensive, distracting, or inappropriate |
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| A case in which the Court established a precedent that the Sixth Amendment's guarantee of counsel is essential to a fair trial and applies to all states |
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| Reno v. American Civil Liberties Union |
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| A case in which the Court established a precedent that a law cannot amount to a content-based (which, in this case, was online obscene material) blanket restriction of free speech |
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| A case in which the Court established a precedent that the presidential claim of executive privilege is not unlimited (as, in this case, Nixon was being criminally investigated) |
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| A case in which the Court established a precedent that Congress has the power to establish a national bank according to enumerated powers not specifically mentioned in the Constitution |
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| A case in which the Court established a precedent that the state authorization of a silent prayer in all public schools violated the First Amendment's establishment clause |
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| A case in which a federal court established a precedent that persons involuntarily committed to state mental health institutions have a constitutional right to treatment that will afford them a realistic opportunity to return to society. |
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| A case in which the Court established a precedent that the right to retain and be represented by a lawyer was fundamental to a fair trial; if a defendant cannot afford a lawyer, the court must appoint one in advance of the trial to permit the lawyer sufficient time to prepare (Scottsboro Boys) |
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