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Judaism
Hebrew terms
37
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 3
09/20/2011

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Term
Shema
Definition
the Jewish prayer that proclaims the unity and sovereignty of God
Term
el/elohim
Definition
the Hebrew name for God
Term
kashrut
Definition
the Jewish dietary laws/ the state of being kosher
Term
meshiach
Definition
any king or prophet of Israel
Term
shiva
Definition
a period of seven days of mourning for the dead, beginning immediately after the funeral
Term
bar/bat mitzvah
Definition
an initiation ceremony for a Jewish boy aged thirteen years; an initiation ceremony for a Jewish girl aged twelve years and a day
Term
berit
Definition
the Jewish rite of circumcision performed on a male child on the eight day of his life
Term
Shabbat
Definition
the Jewish Sabbath
Term
tallit
Definition
the prayer shawl worn by men when they pray in the synagogue; ceremonial fringes on four corners.
Term
mitzvah
Definition
a precept or commandment of the Jewish law
Term
Yom Kippur
Definition
the most solemn religious fast of the Jewish year, the last of the ten days of penitence that begin with Rosh Hashanah (the Jewish New Year)
Term
Rosh Hashanah
Definition
the Jewish New Year festival; held on the first (also sometimes the second) day of Tishri (in September).
Term
Sukkot
Definition
eight-day autumn festival commemorating the Exodus and celebrating the harvest
Term
Pesah
Definition
a Jewish festival to commemorate the Exodus from Egypt
Term
Shavout
Definition
holiday for receiving the Torah, in autumn
Term
Hannukah
Definition
an eight day Jewish holiday commemorating the rededication of the Temple of Jerusalem in 165 bc
Term
Tanakh
Definition
the Jewish scriptures which consist of three divisions –the Torah and the Prophets and the Writings
Term
Torah
Definition
The law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew scriptures (the Pentateuch)
Term
Nevi’im
Definition
the second of the three major sections in the Hebrew Bible
Term
Matzah
Definition
brittle flat bread eaten at Passover
Term
Ketuvim
Definition
the third and final section of the Tanakh
Term
Mildrash
Definition
a genre of Literature studying the Torah
Term
halakah
Definition
Talmudic literature the deals with law and with the interpretation of the laws on Hebrew Scriptures
Term
haggadah
Definition
the text recited at the Seder on the first two nights of the Jewish Passover, including a narrative of the Exodus
Term
Mishna
Definition
the first part of the Talmud; a collection of early oral interpretations of the scriptures that was compiled about AD 200
Term
Talmud
Definition
the collection of Jewish writings that is the basis of Jewish religious law.
Term
Gemara
Definition
the second part of the Talmud consisting primarily of commentary on the Mishna
Term
rabbi
Definition
Jewish scholar or teacher
Term
sefirot
Definition
According to Kabbalah, there are ten Seifirot or Divine Emanations of God
Term
mezuzah
Definition
religious texts from Deuteronomy inscribed on parchment and rolled up in a case attached to the doorframe of many households in accordance to Jewish law
Term
yarmulke
Definition
a Jewish skullcap worn in public by Orthodox Jewish men or during prayer by other Jewish men
Term
mohel
Definition
a person who performs the Jewish rite of circumcision
Term
menorah
Definition
a candelabrum with seven branches used in Jewish worship
Term
ketubah
Definition
a Jewish marriage contract; developed before the wedding
Term
kaddish
Definition
an ancient Jewish prayer sequence regularly recited in the synagogue service, including thanksgiving and praise and concluding with a prayer for universal peace.
Term
amidah
Definition
(“The Standing Prayer”); Part of the Jewish liturgy, consisting of a varying number of blessings
Term
synagogue
Definition
a Jewish assembly or congregation
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