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| son of jacob, the southern kingdom after the death of Solomon when israel was split into 2 kingdoms. Includes Judah , Benjamin, and part of levi tribes |
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| 1st 5 books of the bible, central symbol of Judaism, signifies covenant at Saini |
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| Jewish Teachings explaining and elaborating on the written torah. Handed down until 2nd century |
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| Torah (law) Nevi'im (prohpets) and Ketuvim (writings). |
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| Section of Tanakh, contains writings of prophets |
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| section of Tanakh, contains writings, psalms, proverbs, ecclesiastes and songs of solomon |
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| The most significant collection of the Jewish oral tradition interpreting the torah |
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| early written complilation of jewish oral tradition, basis of the Talmud |
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| Commentaries on the MIshnah. Mishnah and Gemara together are the Talmud |
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| Jews out of Eygpt, go to sinai moses talks to god and gets torah |
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| Torah was communicated by god through Moses |
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| FIrst Jew, Father of 3 big ones(Jud, Christ, Islam), father of the 12 tribes, not considered a mesaiah |
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| Greatest of all prophets, lead jews out of egypt, leader through exodus |
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| the most loved and respected king of Israel. 2nd of 3 kings between 1002-962 BCE |
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| the mountain on which jerusalem and the temple was built. Symbolic of the "promise land", where messiah is to begin his reign |
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| communication by god to human beings that without this comm would not know about god. i.e. God and Moses and Sinai |
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| (Berith) Special, ongoing relationship between god and the people of israel. begun with abraham and reconfirmed with torah |
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| a boys initiation ritual as a member of the covenant between god and the people of israel. 8th day after birth |
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| ceremony in whihc a 13 yr old boy becomes an adult member of the jewish community |
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| ceremony in which a 13 yr old girl becomes an adult member of the jewish community. Recited formal blessing in hebrew over the portion of the torah |
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| Proclamation of the unity of God. "Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God. The lord is one." |
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| Traditional structure of congregational prayer or liturgy for all days except special holy days. Established by rabbis of the mishnah |
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| DEF: To study, seek out or investigate. Stories elaborating on incidents in the Bible to derive a principle of Jewish Law or provide a moral lesson. |
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| ONe of two subject matters of the oral torah specifically having to do with the commandments of god and their implications. ecompasses all of the torah's implications for human conduct and all traditional interpretations of the same as a guide for jewish life |
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| 1 of 2 parts of oral torah. Specifically talks about 10 commandments, interpretation not as strict as Halakhah |
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| a good deed or virtuous action. commanded in the torah, part of the covenant |
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| food selected and prepared according to jewish dietary rules. |
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| black leather wrap around arm and head of adult males, reminder placed upon physical and mental activities |
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| The quorum necessary to recite certain prayers, consisting of ten adult jewish men. (Group Prayers) |
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| enacts out divine. delivers people from bad to good. Will bring peace to humanity during the end of days. |
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| Any form of Judaism that is linked with a messiah, Messiah has already come or is already here. |
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| Reveal history of the second temple period. Important in the crystallization of the monotheistic religions. |
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| A movement of judaism that began approximately 2200 years ago. Died out shortly after the destruction of the temple. literal interpretation of written law. focused on rituals associated with the temple. |
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| Sect of biblical judaism responsible for reshaping Judaism after the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE. Post biblical rabbinic judaism derived from them. Greatest masters of the oral torah. |
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| Anti- roman rebels, instigated the great revolt. Believed all means were justified to attain political and religious liberty |
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| Didnt like Pharisees or Sadducees. moved out of Jerusalem and lived in the desert adopting strict dietary laws and commitment to celibacy. |
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| NW corner of the dead sea where the scrolls were found. Usually assc. with Essenes |
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| Jewish fortress of anciet palestine situated on a butte west of the dead sea, last stronghold of the Zealots who committed suicide rather that surrender to the romans. |
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| Center of jewish learning after the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE |
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| Wrote a history of the jews and a detailed treatment of the jewish revolt against rome |
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| 1st/greatest jewish philosopher. Synthesized plato and jud. influential on christian thought |
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| most respected rabbis interpretations and arguments are preserved in the talmud. Died at the hands of the romans. |
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| One of the great first century rabbis, "What is hateful to yourself do not do to your fellow man. That is the whole torah. All the rest in commentary. Now go and study." |
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| Post destruction on 2nd temple. rabbis are masters of oral torah serve as religious leaders. Accept theory and practice of oral torah. |
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| a jew who identifies with and practices Judaism as a religious faith |
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| Separation of the people of israel from their homeland and their dispersal throughout the world. |
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| Holy day, jews are commanded to rest from labor and devote themselves to worship, study of torah and family. Lasts from friday at sunset to saturday at sunset. Commemorates the seventh day of creation where god rested from creation |
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| Holiday commemoration the exodus from egypt, marks the beginning of the harvest season. |
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| Holiest day of the year. Day of atonement, 8-9 days after rosh hashanah. jews make up for the wrongs they have committed toward their neighbors, confess their god, and seek his forgiveness and blessing. |
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| 1 of 3 pilgrimage festivals. Commemorates the wandering in the desert and the final harvest |
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| 8 day holiday celebrating the rededication of the temple in jerusalem after it was defiled by the Greeks |
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| holiday celebrating the rescue of the jews from extermination at the hands of the chief minister to the king of persia |
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| Jewish mystical tradition. use jewish meditation to develop an awareness of divine powers at work in the world and within oneself. Text=zohar |
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| Most important and influential book of Kabbalah. Composed by Moses de Leon. mystical commentary claiming to find profound esoteric meanings beneath every detail of the torah |
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| Cosmic centers of energy, accessed through meditation and becoming centered with god. |
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| The divine presence of god, generally represented as a feminine quality. |
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| a modern secular movement to establish a jewish homeland in Palestine. |
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| Jewish movement to change traditions to conform to changes in modern life. The oral torah is a human creation, written torah is not seen to be directly given to humans so it can be interpreted differently. End of times will be justice for all |
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| In between orthodoxy and reform. Later half of 19th cent. only form that is consistently zionist |
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| unpronounceable word for God, dont want it to be written down because someone might destroy it in an act of disrespect. |
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| hypothesis about bible in regard to it being edited. Looks for 2 texts spliced into one. |
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| one of the sources of the Torah postulated by the Documentary Hypothesis (DH) that treats the texts of Scripture as products of human intellect, working in time.Martin Noth argued that there was an underlying unity in language and cultural content of the books from Deuteronomy to 2 Kings (Noth 1943). |
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| a rabbi[1] and kabbalistwho claimed to be the long-awaited Jewish Messiah, and later converted to Islam. He was the founder of the Jewish Sabbatean movement and inspired the founding of a number of other similar sects |
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| Founder of Hasidic movement |
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| Haskala/Emancipation/Enlightenment |
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| the impact of european enlightenment on Judaism. |
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| The greatest jewish philosopher, brought together the philosophy of Aristotle with the faith and practice of judaism. clarified and summarized the entire oral torah. |
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| Survivor of the Holocaust. Wrote "Night" as an insight as to what the jews went through in the holocaust. |
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| part of the mishnah devoted to ethical advice from many of the greatest rabbis of the early talmudic period. |
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| Early statement of american reform jewish principles |
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| author of I and Thou, distinction between personal experiences and experiences without boundaries. Human life is defined by its relationships. |
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| A letter from British foreign secretary Lord Balfour to Lord Rothschild expressing the British government’s commitment to creating a Jewish state in Palestine. |
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| War fought in June 1967 when israel reacted to arab threats and the blockade of the straits of Tiran. Stunning victory over the egyptian jordanian and syrian armies |
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| In october 1973 syrian and egyptian forces launched a surprise attack on israel on Yom Kippur. |
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| a peace treaty between egypt and israel in 1979 that addressed the definition of a Palestine, the boundaries of the west bank, and Jerusalem. |
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| war between Israel and palestine. Started in 1987 |
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| multi-stage agreement between israel and palestine |
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Moses-Exodus-Passover
(tribe) |
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United Kingdom
(tribe)
-Saul, David(messiah), Solomon (first temple) |
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(Temple)
Divided Kingdom- Israel and Judah |
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(Temple)
Assyrians conquer northern kingdom israel |
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(Temple)
Babylonians conquer southern kingdom Judah |
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(Exile-Torah)
Cyrus the Persian Ruler (messiah) return from exile |
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Antiochus Epiphanies
Maccabbees
Daniel
Hanukkah |
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Destruction of Jerusalem
and 2nd temple.
Leads to Rabbinic Period |
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Bar Kokhba Revolt.
Transfer of religious centre from Judea to Galilee. Revolt against rome |
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the realm where one encounters or at least makes connection with what the tradition takes to be the “ultimate reality”. The “inside” which qualifies insiders as insiders.
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The state of being at one with what is taken to be ultimate reality. To be at one with god
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| setting aside or “bracketing” your previous bias’ so that the phenomenon may be observed and appreciated for what it is one its own part. |
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| central (or primary) story- |
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| the most important story of all the stories that are told and usually the one story that all other stories, beliefs symbols, and practices come from. The core meaning of what a religion is all about. |
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Becoming an insider. Process by which we move into spiritual or divine realm.
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| Religions that emerged in the Far East, i.e. india, china. (Hindu, Buddhism, Jainism, Taoism, Confucianism |
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| The effort to take into account and do full justice to the understanding and experience of the insider in developing a full or rounded understanding of the object of investigation. |
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| stepping into another person’s perspective and considering how things look from over there. |
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| Pertaining to the end of time. Apocalyptic |
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| a religious tradition which conceives itself to have originated in a revelation of “ultimate reality” intervening in human history through certain particular evens, persons, And circumstances. |
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the awesome infinite standard of righteousness justice and inward beauty that god is understood to have
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| TO be a part of or apart from a religion |
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| The belief that there is only one god |
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| Striving to draw near to the object of investigation at the point where all relevant perspective on it intersect, to comprehend it in its transcendence beyond any one perspective in a way that commands the recognition of those who dwell within them and know them well. |
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the singularity of god as their creator sustainer provider source of moral guidance, controller of their destiny and final judge.
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God and his intentions would not be known if he didn’t reveal himself. God is capable of entering into relationship with particular persons and people thereby singling them out from among other persons and people to accomplish his special purposes in history .
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| seeks to discover and make understandable to outsiders the understandings held by insiders. Combines empathy and objectivity |
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Sometimes called sacramental symbols. A religious symbol that serves not only to represent some aspects of what is taken to be ultimate reality byt which in the appropriate circumstances serves for participants to render it present and enable direct participation in it.
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events in human experience from time to time pose a threat to the ultimate meaningfulness of life and feel a lack of rapport with whatever in conceived to be the ultimate ground of meaning and purpose of life.
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| a human spokesperson for god |
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| public education religion studies |
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| the secular study of religion that does not endorse nor diminish the religion. An objective study about religion |
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a system of symbols that functions religiously that participants use to draw near to and come into right or appropriate relationship with, what they deem to be the ultimate reality
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| anything that refers to and thus represents something pertaining to the ultimate reality |
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a disclosure or communication by the ultimate reality to human beings of matters that would not otherwise be known
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the universal and eternal message of divine revelation is accessible only in and through the particular historical and culturally specific circumstances in which it is held to have originally been given. Sometimes seems scandalous to outsiders
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involves both joy at discovering a new spiritual view that attracts you and sadness that you cannot fully adopt such a view.
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| the complex stories scriptures rituals symbolic forms and particular vocabulary fro referring to what is taken to be ultimate reality |
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| purpose is to test how well one’s interpretation has captured and conveyed an insider’s perspective |
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purpose is to twest how well one’s interpretation is disengaged from the expression of one’s own personal attitude, orientation and judgment toward the phenomena
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an entryway whereby one crosses the boundary from being outside the other world of a tradition to being inside it.
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a change in the appearance and experience texture of religious symbols as one crosses the threshold of a tradition systems of symbols and enters the other world
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| whatever the people of a given tradition take to be the ultimate ground of meaning and pupose in life. Both how things are and how they ought to be. |
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one generic manner and pattern among others of drawing near to and coming into right or appropriate relationship with what a religion takes to be ultimate reality.
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cultivation of a personal relationship to “ultimate reality of wholehearted adoration, devotion surrender to its transforming grace and trust in its providential care
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Employment of ascetic and meditative disciplines ina deliberate quest to interrupt, slow down or otherwise break through and become free of the obscuring limitation and distracting compulsions of ordinary life in order to attain a direct awareness of “ultimate reality”
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| Study of a traditions scripture to try and understand insight into what is the religions ultimate reality |
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to realize and fulfill what is take to be the the sacred intendesdness of life
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participation in the sacred rituals through which “ultimate reality” is realized
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| way of shamanic mediation |
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| reaching a high state of spritiual understanding through altering your state of mind and meditation |
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| 3 stages of jewish history |
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1. Biblical Period- Beginnings-70 CE
2. Rabbinic Period- 70 CE- 19th cent.
3. Modern Period- 19th cent-present |
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