Term
| What is the mechanism of treating acetaminophen overdose? |
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Definition
NAPQI depletes glutathione, then the NAPQI reacts with hepatocytes, causing hepatotoxicity
Antidote is N-acetylcysteine: also a mucolytic and prevents contrast nephropathy |
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Term
| What is the classic feature of osteoarthritis? |
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Definition
Nonsystemic joint pain, worse with use; less than an hour stiffness in the morning
Also:
Wear and tear of cartilege
Formation of osteophytes (bone spurs)
DIP joints: Heberden’s nodes
PIP joints: Bouchard’s nodes |
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Term
| By what mechanism do NSAIDS cause renal disease? |
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Definition
| Constriction of afferent arteriole, lowered GFR and RPF, decrease renal blood flow |
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Term
| A man presents with pain and swelling of the knees, subcutaneous nodules around the joints and Achilles tendon, and exquisite pain in the metatarsophalangeal joint of his right big toes. Biopsy reveals needle-like crystals. What is the diagnosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What medications are used in the treatment of an acute gout exacerbation? |
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Definition
| NSAIDs, Colchicine, steroids |
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Term
| What drugs can be used in the treatment of chronic gout? |
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Definition
Probenicid – excretion
Allopurinol - production |
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Term
| What are the classic symptoms of Sjögren syndrome? |
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Definition
| Dry eyes (Xerophthalmia), dry mouth (Xerostomia), arthritis |
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