Term
| sketch the barcelona chair |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the 'barcelona chair' was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
| list 3 important designs ideas Mies employed in the barcelona pavilion |
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Definition
1. free standing walls
2. non-axial walls
3. reflections |
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Term
| sketch the entry sequences for the german state pavilion at the 1929 barcelona fair |
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Definition
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Term
| the beach house in newport beach for dr. phillip lovell was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
| upon his arrival in the US, Gropius assumed the directorship of the architecture school at _________ while Mies eventually was named head of the school at |
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Definition
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Term
| list 2 requirements that had to be met by a building in order to qualify to be included in the MOMA's 1932 'international style' exhibition |
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Definition
1. treated as volume rather than mass
2. regularity rather than axial-symmetry |
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Term
| the projects most often associated with Nazi Germany were designed by architect |
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Definition
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Term
| the only totalitarian regime in preWW11 europe that did not adopt a literal neo-classicism as the official style of the state was in what country? |
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Definition
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Term
| sketch a cross-section of the lovell beach house |
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Definition
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Term
| the lovell heath house was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
| how did the elevation of the mcgraw-hill building differ from other skyscrapers designed by Hood? |
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Definition
building is functionalist
entry is art modern |
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Term
| list 2 architects who immigrated to the US before Hitler rose to power who were early practitioners of the international style in the US: |
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Definition
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Term
| list 2 architects who immigrated to the US after Hitler rose to power who were early practitioners of the international style in the US: |
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Definition
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Term
| the two austrian architects who came to the US and worked with Wright were |
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Definition
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Term
| the first european architect to bring the international style to california was |
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Definition
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Term
| what american is credited with the coining the term 'international style" |
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Definition
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Term
| who was the last director of the german bauhaus? |
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Definition
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Term
| name 2 skyscrapers built before WW11 that exhibited the international style in some of their parts, list the architect of each |
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Definition
PSFS building: howe & lescaze
McGraw- Hill Building: Hood |
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Term
| sketch the plan of a typical office floor of the PSFS building |
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Definition
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Term
| the first skyscrapers in the US to exhibit the massing and the exterior language of the european 'international style' was the |
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Definition
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Term
| the two curators of the MOMA show, "the international style" were |
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Definition
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Term
| the McGraw-Hill building was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
| The casa del Fascio was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
| Adolf Hitler chose _____________ architecture as symbolic of the third reich |
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Definition
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Term
| the philadelphia savings fund society building was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| the theme of the 1930 stockholm exhibition was |
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Definition
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Term
| the building designed by aalto that best represents his interpretation of Corbu's five points is the: |
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Definition
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Term
| what was the inspiration for aalto's design of the interior of the finnish pavilion at the 1939 world's fair? |
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Definition
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Term
| what did aalto say the reason was for his incorporating a courtyard in many his projects? |
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Definition
| gives clients something for nothing |
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Term
| list two design decisions aalto made in consideration of the comfort of the patients at the Paimio sanitarium |
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Definition
daylight
balcony for fresh air |
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Term
| aalto's first international style building was the |
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Definition
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Term
| aalto's first use of the undulating surface of wood slats was in what building? |
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Definition
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Term
| the bent-wood "paimio chair" was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
| sketch the longitudinal section of the major chapel of the woodland crematorium |
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Definition
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Term
| what new science apparently had a great influence on asplund's designs? |
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Definition
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Term
| sketch the overall plan of the paimio sanitarium |
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Definition
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Term
| why did asplund incorporate spaces with skewed (non-parallel) walls in his early houses? |
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Definition
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Term
| the name of the firm founded by marie and hary gullichsen to market aalto-designed home furnishings is |
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Definition
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Term
| describe the two design criteria used by Aalto to determine the longitudinal section of the meeting hall in the library in Viipuri: |
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Definition
acoustics
separating stacks |
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Term
| sketch the overall site plan of the Woodlawn Cemetery Crematorium, noting both pedestrian and vehicular approaches |
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Definition
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Term
| describe aalto's use of colors on the exterior of the Paimio sanitarium: |
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Definition
| white/emulates the wiesenhoff siedlung by corbusier |
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Term
| which space is used by Aalto as the high point or visual anchor of the massing competition in Villa Mairea |
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Definition
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Term
| two reasons that explain why Mies cantilevered his roofs/floors beyond the corner columns |
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Definition
imply continuity
wants all columns to carry same amount of load |
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Term
| list 3 differences between Mies design of the Farnsworth House, and Johnson's design of his glass house |
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Definition
1. no cantilever on glass house
2. black vs. white
3. on the ground vs. off the ground |
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Term
| list two reasons why the Farnsworth House was an environment disaster |
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Definition
single pane glass
doesn't flush solar heat |
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Term
| List two details Mies used in his American buildings to divorce them from the existing urban fabric |
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Definition
pilotis- lifts off street level
plazas- pulls away from street lines |
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Term
| what advantage is there in offsetting the location of the core in the plan of a highrise office building? |
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Definition
| 4 different sized spaces for the different functions |
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Term
| what detail in the lever house allows pedestrians to reconnect with tower after leaving the sidewalk? |
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Definition
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Term
| what was the new architectural material whose price had dropped significantly after the end of WW11, that quickly was adopted as the exterior material of choice for the next 20 years? |
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Definition
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Term
| describe the lateral (wind) load structure of the Sears building/ world trade center |
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Definition
| tube structure:rigid frame structure of vertical columns (NOT CROSS BRACING) |
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Term
| describe the problem that "rationalist" international style designers tried to avoid in the design of a skyscraper and what was the typical solution? |
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Definition
-can't express each column the same
- would cantilever the ends |
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Term
| what was the last and tallest of the international style glass box skyscrapers? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why were the Lever House and the Seagram's Building much more expensive than the face value of their construction |
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Definition
| didn't utilize the land--built only what they needed |
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Term
| what kept the international style glass box skyscraper from going no taller than the Chase Manhattan Bank? |
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Definition
| no structure on outside prevents height |
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Term
| "architecture is the will of an epoch translated into space" is a quote by |
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Definition
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Term
| The first post WW11 glass box skyscraper in the US was the |
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Definition
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Term
| Sketch the typical floor plan of the Inland Steel Building |
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Definition
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Term
| Sketch the corner detail of a typical Mies skyscraper |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what 2 major projects were responsible for the large size of SOM by the end of WW11? |
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Definition
Clinton Engineering Works
VA hospitals |
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Term
| What skyscraper marked the ultimate retreat from the street and the start of "Plaza-mania"? |
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Definition
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Term
| The conceptual design of the UN office tower was the product of |
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Definition
| Corbusier, Niemeyer, Harrison |
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Term
| "I don't want to be interesting, I want to be good" is a quote ascribed to |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the difference in how Mies designed spaces in his pre-WW11 european buildings and those in his post-WW11 American buildings |
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Definition
pre-WW11: column grid
post-WW11: completely open |
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Term
| list the 3 locations for a glass skin in a skyscraper and list a building from class that is an example of each type: |
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Definition
1. glass outside structure: lever house
2. inside structure: inland steel building
3. structural frame glass infill: equitable savings bank |
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Term
| the difference between SOM's typical corner detail as represented in the Inland Steel Building and Mies' typical corner detail as represented in the Seagram's building is: |
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Definition
unbroken, curtain wall applied to the volume of the building.
stops the curtain wall short |
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Term
| define le corbusier's idea of "a redent" |
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Definition
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Term
| le corbusier's uptopian city plan developed in the 1930s was named |
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Definition
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Term
| sketch a section of la tourette, showing its relation to the ground |
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Definition
|
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Term
| sketch the plan of la tourette |
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Definition
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Term
| new research indicates that WW11 had two influences on the subsequent designs of le corbusier |
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Definition
axial bombardment
posion gas
soft curvilinear shapes |
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Term
|
Definition
| sun screen by le corbusier |
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Term
| a relatively new interpretation of le corbusier's use of concrete following WW11 states that he was influenced by |
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Definition
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Term
| draw a section of the marseilles unite d'habitation which shows how le corbusier achieved a dual exposure for the apartments |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| where did the term brutalism initially come from? |
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Definition
| le corbusier's use of exposed concrete in Unite d'Habitation |
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Term
| the proportioning system developed and used by le corbusier was known as |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the french term for the type of concrete construction used by le corbusier in his later projects is |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the name of the school of art in detriot designed by eliel saarinen? |
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Definition
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Term
| who was given the responsiblity for the design of all of the buildings at the cranbrook school of design? |
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Definition
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Term
| sketch the typical floor plan for a classroom in the crow island school |
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Definition
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Term
| crow island school, which set the model for the design of the post WW11 elementary school in the US was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
| what grade school established the prototype for the post WW11 baby boom and who designed it: |
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Definition
| crow island school: saarinen |
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Term
| the formal pivot point of the composition in the otaniemi technical institute is the |
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Definition
|
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Term
| sketch the section of the saynatsalo town hall, showing all 3 levels |
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Definition
|
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Term
| sketch the ground plan of the saynatsalo town hall |
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Definition
|
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Term
| list 3 points of human contact in buildings that aalto exploited with a change of materials |
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Definition
| stairs, ground floor, walls |
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Term
| the building usually credited as the inspiration for the design of the interview floor in aalto's national pension institute is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the formal pivot point of the massing in the saynatsalo town hall is the |
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Definition
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Term
| the best example for aalto's undulating wall in his american buildings is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the fan-shaped plan is a typical scheme in the planning of many buildings designed by |
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Definition
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Term
| which building by aalto was the first to use wood in any significant way, marking his move away from pure functionalism? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| discuss the reasons for the final configuration of floor plan of the vuoksenniska church: |
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Definition
| open sanuctary that can be closed off for sunday school |
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Term
| describe the ideas behind the massing of the baker house |
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Definition
| duel faced building orthagonal vs. fluid |
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Term
| sketch the cross-section of a reading room in a typical aalto-designed library |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what did aalto do in the natinoal pensions institute to articulate the massing of the building so that it reads as interpenetrating masses rather than a continous volume? |
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Definition
| windows don't align to the inner corner, mullions don't line up |
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Term
| which building designed by aalto marked his attempt to transcend the international stlye? what is the reason for your answer? |
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Definition
| viipuri library, used wood in significant ways |
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Term
| sketch the structural plan of the TWA terminal at Kennedy Airport |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what technology did Eero Saarinen adopt from the automobile industry in the detailing of the GM Tech Center? |
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Definition
| neoprene gasket glazing on windows |
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Term
| what one major reservation about the design of Dulles did Larson express |
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Definition
| central drain instead of on side, visually disturbing |
|
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Term
| what two major reservations about the design of Kresge auditorium did Larson express |
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Definition
- acoustically inappropriate shape
- not enough foundation for visual weight of the dome |
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Term
| sketch the transverse cross-section of the yale hockey rink |
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Definition
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Term
| the inspiration for the scale of eero saarinen's site plan of the GM Tech Center was |
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Definition
|
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Term
| list 3 technological innovations in construction developed by eero saarinen that would become standard techniques during the late 1960s: |
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Definition
framed in neoprene
luminous ceiling
insulated panels |
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Term
| sketch the site plan of the john deere headquarters |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| name two american industrial designers that were very influential in the 1950s |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| define tensegrity. who is credited with developing this theory? |
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Definition
tension & integrity
Fuller |
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Term
| how is an hyperbolic paraboloid generated? |
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Definition
| double curvature surface with the curves going in opposite directions |
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Term
| why must tensile surfaces be given an anticlastic curvature? |
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Definition
| there are uplifts from the wind loads so the curve going the opposite direction needs to hold it down |
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Term
| how did fuller account for the solar gain in the 1967 US Pavilion? |
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Definition
| the building tracks the sun, when the sun hits the exterior material it transforms into a sun shade |
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Term
| what is considered to have been the first metabolist project? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what did tange consciously change from saarinen's yale hockey rink in his tokyo olympic gymnasium? |
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Definition
| uses tension, a cable, rather than a heavy concrete arch |
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Term
| what do you consider to be the most important quality of a metabolist architecture? |
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Definition
| they fix the housing issues, efficient, fast, mega structures with pods attached |
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Term
| what did tange say was the difference between his 1960 plan for tokyo bay and haussmann's plan of paris? |
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Definition
| orthogonal & grid like approach instead of radial arrangement of the city center of paris |
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Term
| in what country did metabolist architecture originate? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| name two metabolist architects who were students of tange |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sketch the construction process of the nagakin capsule tower |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| sketch the site plan of the 1964 olympic buildings |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the architect of the nagakin capsule tower was |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the term "structuralism" as used by herman hertzberger |
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Definition
| didn't want to provide the complete solution to the problem, wants user participation |
|
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Term
| list 3 members of archigram |
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Definition
peter cook
ron herron
mike webb |
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Term
| although influenced by bucky fuller, archigram's members had one significant difference in their design approach. what was it? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| describe peter cook's "instant city" |
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Definition
| city in a zeppelin, flexible, floating |
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Term
| who designed the "walking city"? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| describe how the form of the fuji group pavilion at the expo 70 was generated |
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Definition
| double membrane pneumatic structure. Took a series of cylindrical tubes and put them on a circular base, as the circle gets wider the profile shortens. |
|
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Term
| draw the structural framework used by kurokawa in the takara beautilion in the expo 70 |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| describe the structural system of the US pavilion at the expo 70 |
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Definition
| single membrane pneumatic structure, membrane placed over a structural environment and pressurized in order to lift up. |
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Term
| what the major failure in the montreal olympic stadium that prevented its completion prior to the start of the games? |
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Definition
| tower was rotating away from its foundation, and had to stop construction of the tower because it would have broken. |
|
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Term
| draw the structure of the Hajj terminal in jeddah, saudi arabia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| larson compared the exposed structure of the pompidou centre as the architects' attempt to evoke what other great Parisian building? |
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Definition
| contemporary gothic cathedral- notre dame |
|
|
Term
| sketch the transverse section of the pompidou centre |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the first significant building in which mullionless glazing was first employed was: |
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Definition
| Willis, Faber & Dumas Building |
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|
Term
| the competition to design the new pompidou was won by |
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Definition
| renzo piano & richard rogers |
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Term
| in describing the atrium of the yale museum of british art, larson pointed out a problem that has always plagued architects. this was: |
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Definition
| losing the corner column on the interior |
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Term
| the occupiable exterior wall was a technique that evolved in the work of: |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| sketch kahn's concept for the elevations of the exeter academy library |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| a structural bay of the kimball art museum |
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Definition
|
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Term
| kahn's concept of "served servant spaces" which developed out of his early use of hollow structures is thought by some historians to have been derived from beaux-arts principle? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| kahn's use of the hollow structure is thought to have derived from what technique of his beaux-arts training? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what two deviations from the international style in the yale art gallery represents kahn's intial break with this style? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sketch the plan of the trenton jewish community center bath house and diagram the movement pattern from entrance through locker rooms to pool |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what did louis kahn mean by "discovering the form of a problem"? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| "let me tell you how i was made" describes whose approach to movement? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| sketch the structure of a typical floor in the richards medical center |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sketch kahn's plan concept for the first unitarian church |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| "each space must be defined by its structure & the character of its natural light" is a quote by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| kahn's pyramidal waffle slab in the yale art museum was inspired by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the "occupicable wall" is a major theme used by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
name the consensus choice by American architects as the best deisng in the US & its architect in each category as expressed in this course:
best building in america:
best urban space:
best site planning: |
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Definition
the salk institute
rockefeller center
cranbrook |
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|
