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Jazz and Pop Music Exam 1
People, Dates, Vocabulary, Facts
50
Music
Undergraduate 1
02/18/2009

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Term
strophic
Definition
having verses, repetitive melody
Term
cross-rhythm
Definition
rhythms not in obvious places
Term
polyrhythm
Definition
many rhythms at the same time
*too irregular: not common in America
Term
timbre
Definition
color/sound quality of something
Term
blue note
Definition
"grace note", bending note, slightly out of tune, between 2 pitches
Term
rag
Definition
syncopate, rough up sound to make sound more interesting
Term
1877
Definition
invention of the phonograph (Edison)
Term
1902
Definition
first commercially successful recording, 78 rpm (deeper grooves, slow rotations, better quality
Term
jass
Definition
early slang term for sex
(like rock'n'roll)
Term
stop time
Definition
repetitive rhythm pattern that isn't the regular pattern
Term
1917
Definition
first jazz recording EVER.
Original Dixieland Jazz Band (white group)
Term
1926
Definition
First nationwide commercial networks
Term
1927
Definition
First sound film "The Jazz Singer"
Term
Vernon and Irene Castle
Definition
popularized couple (ballroom) dancing
Term
Scott Joplin
Definition
-most prominent ragtime composer
-African American
-"Maple Leaf Rag"
Term
Louis Armstrong
Definition
-first famous soloist
-trumpet
-improvisation
-mixed jazz and blues
-scat
Term
Jelly Roll Morton
Definition
-piano
-first famous jazz composer
-claims to have invented jazz
Term
Joe Oliver
Definition
-"King"
-trumpet/band leader
-Creole Jazz Band
Term
Earl Hines
Definition
-piano
-imitated Louis Armstrong
-style: single note solos
Term
Improvisation
Definition
composing and performing at the same time
-practical b/c no use of sheet music
-lengthened songs and decreased memorized material
Term
Bing Crosby
Definition
-singer, actor
-funded development of first microphone
-changed recording and performing environment
Term
Paul Whiteman
Definition
-"King of Jazz"
-mixed jazz into dance music
-28 #1 records
Term
Castle House Rag
Definition
ragtime turned mainstream
Term
Gene Austin
Definition
-early "crooner"
-"My Blue Heaven"
Term
James P. Johnson
Definition
-stride piano (smoother, more modern, improvisation, than ragtime)
Term
Blind Lemon Jefferson
Definition
-Freer African storytelling style
-Blues singing style
Term
W.C. Handey
Definition
-Blues sensibility with Tin Pan Alley style
-Urban blues
Term
Bessie Smith
Definition
"Empress of the Blues"
Term
Robert Johnson
Definition
-guitar/singer
-"sold his soul to the devil to play better"
Term
Jimmie Rodgers
Definition
"Father of Modern Country Music"
-blue yodels
Term
The Carter Family
Definition
-gospel/ fiddle tunes
-country/hillbilly music
Term
rural blues
Definition
-country/hillbilly music
-spread by radio
-discoverd by guys looking for Blues artists in the south
Term
race records
Definition
Blues records (blacks)
Term
First three national broadcast stations
Definition
NBC, CBS, ABC
Term
Al Jolson
Definition
-black face, mistrel, vaudeville
-Jazz Singer
-theatrical style
Term
phonograph
Definition
1877 invented by Thomas Edison
-originally to record President talking
Term
First record company
Definition
Columbia, Victor Talking Machine Company
Term
First black jazz recording
Definition
Joe Oliver's Creole Band 1923
Term
Blues
Definition
-blue notes
-story/image oriented, feeling not linear
-12 bar
Term
Stephan Foster
Definition
-pop music popularized
-memorable melodies
-composer 200+ songs published
Term
John Sousa
Definition
-marches
-one of the 1st to make commercially selling records
-fixed copyright laws
Term
Tin Pan Alley
Definition
-independent publishers in Manhattan
-center for American pop
-simple, catchy songs (shift from 1800s)
Term
Why Jazz in New Orleans?
Definition
-cultural environment
-French and Spanish influence (interracial marriage)
-slaves, free blacks, refugees, Caribbean, Italian refugees
-PORT CITY ($ tourism, entertainment)
Term
Chicago Style Jazz
Definition
-white musician majority
-more integration
-Bix Beiderbecke (trumpet)
Term
Popular instruments
Definition
trumpet, clarinet (melody)
piano/tuba/bass- pulse (boom)
banjo/guitar/drums- steady rhythm (chick)
Term
African influence
Definition
-backbeat drum
-blues: hopeful undertones
-dance
-oral tradition, no music notation
Term
European influence
Definition
instrumentation, chord progression
-folk music
Term
European influence
Definition
instrumentation, chord progression
-folk music
Term
Fats Waller
Definition
stride piano, dynamics
Term
Meade Lewis
Definition
Boogie Woogie style
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