Term
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Definition
I. olifactory- sense of smell
test-familiar scent |
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Term
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Definition
II. optic- vision
test- snellen chart and opthalamascope |
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Term
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Definition
III. oculomotor- EOM, opening of eyelids, pupil constriction, lens shape
test- PERRLA, EOM |
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Term
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Definition
IV. trochlear-downward and inward movement of the eyes
test-PERRLA, EOM |
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Term
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Definition
V. trigeminal- muscles of mastication, sensation of the face, scalp, cornea, mucous membranes of the mouth and nose
test-clench jaw, cotton on forehead and cheeks |
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Term
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Definition
VI. abducens- lateral movement of the eye
test- EOM |
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Term
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Definition
VII. facial- facial muscles, close eye, labial speech, close mouth. Taste on anterior two thirds of tongue. saliva and tear secretion
test- faces |
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Term
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Definition
VIII. acoustic- hearing and equilibrium
test- whisper test |
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Term
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Definition
IX. glossopharyngeal- pharynx phonation swallowing and gag reflex, taste on posterior tongue, parotid gland and carotid reflex
test- AHHH- gag |
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Term
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Definition
X. vagus- pharynx and larynx (talking and swallowing), sensation from carotid body, carotid sinus, pharynx, viscera, carotid reflex
test- AHHH- gag, voice quality, swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
XI. spinal- movement of trapezius and sternomastoid muscles
test- strength against resistance |
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Term
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Definition
XII. movement of tongue
test- stick out tongue "light, tight, dynamite" |
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Term
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Definition
| inability to speak- due to damage in broca's area in the frontal lobe that mediated motor speech. the person can understand language and knows what he or she want to say but can produce only garbled sound. |
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Term
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Definition
| stereognosis- fone localized tough without looking you can identify a famaliar object by touch |
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Term
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Definition
subjective data:
headache
head unjust
dizziness vertigo
seizures
tremors
weakness
incoordination
numbness of tingling
difficulty swallowing
difficulty speaking
significant past history (stroke, spinal cord injury, meningitis, encephalitis, congenital defect or alcoholism)
environment/occupational hazards |
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Term
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Definition
| vertigo- rotational spinning caused by neurologic disease in the vestibular apparatus in the ear or in the vestibular nuclei in the brainstem |
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Term
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Definition
| tremor is and incoluntary shaking, vibrating or trembling |
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Term
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Definition
| paresthesia- abnormal sensation, burning or tingling |
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Term
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Definition
| anosmia- inability to smell |
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Term
| sequence for neurological exam |
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Definition
1. mental status
2. cranial nerves
3. motor system
4. sensory system
5. reflexes |
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Term
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Definition
| nystagmus- back and forth oscillation fo the eyes. end point nystagmus, a few beats of horizontal nystagmus at extreme lateral gaze occurs normally. otherwise note frequency, direction, degree over movement and presence in one or boy eyes |
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Term
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Definition
| CVA- stroke, ischemic or hemorragic |
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Term
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Definition
Motor tests: balance
walking gait
rhomberg |
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Term
| motor test: coordination and skilled movements |
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Definition
motor test: coordination and skilled movements
rapid alternating movements
-knee slaps, finger to thumb touch, finger to nose, finger to finger, heel to shin |
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Term
| Sensory: spinothalamic tract |
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Definition
Sensory: spinothalamic tract
pain-sharp v. dull
light touch- cotton
vibration
position (kinesthesia)- pull my finger test
tactile discrimination (fine touch)
sterognosis
graphesthesia -write on hand
two-point discrimination
extinciton- touch both side of body at the same point- how many do u feel? |
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Term
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Definition
0=no repsonse
2= normal
4=hyperactive
biceps
triceps
patellar
achilles
plantar |
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Term
|
Definition
| clonus- repeated reflex movement |
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Term
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Definition
| hemiplegia- spastic or flaccid paralysis of one sid eonf the body and extremities |
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Term
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Definition
| paraplegia- symmetrical paralysis of both lower extremities |
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Term
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Definition
| tic- involuntary, compulsive, repetitive twitching of a muscle group |
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Term
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Definition
| decorticate rigidity- flexion of upper arms, wrists and fingers adduction of arm. lower extremities extension, internal rotation, plantar flexion. hemispheric lei on of cerebral cortex |
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Term
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Definition
| decerebrate rigidity- upper extremities stiffly extended, adducted, internal rotation palm pronated. lover extremities stiffly extended, plantar flexion, teeth clenched, hyperextended back, more ominous that decorticate rigidity; indicates lion in the brainstem and midbrain or upper pons. |
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Term
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Definition
| analgesia- inability to feel pain |
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Term
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Definition
•P- pupils
•E- both should be same size, range 3-7 mm
•R- round in shape
•R- react to light
•L- light is direct or consensual
•A- accommodation- focus on close object pupil converge & constrict, distance dilate |
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Term
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Definition
| Controls posture, works with the cerebral cortex to make body movements smooth and coordinated, controls skeletal muscles to maintain equilibrium |
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Term
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Definition
| are sensory nerve terminals occurring chiefly in the muscles, tendons, joints, and inner ear that give information about movement and position in the body. Stimuli from propriceptors travel through the posterior spinal columns |
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Term
| increased intracranial pressure |
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Definition
Increased in intracranial pressure occurs for various reasons (i.e. tumor, bleeding, cerebral edema )
•Signs & Symptoms
–Mental Status, LOC and orientation changes
–headache
–Pupillary reaction declines
–Vomiting |
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