Term
| - What is cross-cultural journalism? |
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Definition
o Excellence in reporting today requires an understanding of issues across cultures
o Journalism that identifies similarities as well as difference across cultures
o Cross-cultural journalism is about providing your audience a look at the “new” American “revelation after revelation” – David Yarnold, The Mercury News, former editor |
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Term
| -o Where is Large economic growth in international markets (BRIC) |
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Definition
| Brazil, Russia, India, and China |
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Term
| What significance does CCJ have on the economy and the marketplace? |
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Definition
Reporters need cross-cultural understanding to report stories about multinationals
Multinational corporations need employees who are literate cross-culturally |
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Term
| What are the current societal shifts? |
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Definition
Aging baby boomers; wired millennials
Changing fertility and immigration
Fluctuating living patterns and values |
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Term
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Definition
| o Cultural history and fears |
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Term
| - Why a class in cross-cultural journalism? |
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Definition
o Improve accuracy
o Challenge our assumptions
o Find comfortable ways to explore difference
Our professions demand it
It will make you better at your job |
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Term
| What does Diversity accomplish in J? |
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Definition
| Diversity in the broadest sense helps to add credibility to journalism |
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Term
| Who do we as journalists write about? |
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Definition
| • In journalism, we don’t write about ourselves. We write about others |
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Term
| What are Benson's thoughts on Diversity? |
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Definition
We define diversity to narrowly
• There is also ideological diversity and economic |
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Term
| What supports Journalism financially and what is the problem with this? |
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Definition
| • Journalism is supported by advertising and advertising is the people that have the financial ability to spend, thus journalism can fall to catering to the upper-middle class. |
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Term
| o What makes excellent journalism: Nonbiased |
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Definition
Nonbiased
• Lack of stance
• Facts
• Both sides
• Recognizing your biases |
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Term
| o What makes excellent journalism: In relationship to daily life? |
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Definition
Choose a topic of importance to society and people’s daily lives
-can include entertainment news |
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Term
| What about providing context in the excellence of journalism? |
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Definition
• Do we know the historical context so we can make sense of things?
• Time, Place, Environment, Social Setting, Cultural Background |
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Term
| What about complexity in the excellence of journalism? |
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Definition
| • Does the story rise above one-dimensional explanations and the polarized, black-or-white, saints-or-sinners framing to reveal gray truths |
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Term
| Complexity fosters “OBJECTIVITY |
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Definition
• Fully developed opinions
• More than one layer of a person
• Bigger, fuller picture of the story
• One-sided comments? |
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Term
| Excellence: Do we hear the voices of the people? |
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Definition
• Is this story from, not about, bringing the voice of the people to the listener, viewer or reader?
• Are the quotes and sound bytes purposeful and clear?
• Do they advance the story, convey character and personality, reveal “new truths” or otherwise add value to the piece? |
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Term
| Does the story have a ring of authenticity? |
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Definition
• Unique
• Original
• Honest |
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Term
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Definition
| context+complexity+voices |
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Term
| • Is the reporting broad and deep enough, the details fine enough, the opinions open enough to provide insight? |
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Definition
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Term
| • Is the writing clear, direct, active, and free of euphemisms? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 parts of attribution? Define each |
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Definition
| o Perceive (You witness something or are told something by someone else.) Judge (You make a decision based on your experience and fears.) Attribute (You come to a conclusion about a person, group, thing, or event.) |
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Term
| - Don’t put opinion quotes in journalism unless they are balanced out by opposite or expert opinion |
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Definition
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Term
| - Could these questions have made the reporter think before doing? |
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Definition
o What have I based my judgment on?
o What other things might explain what I’ve observed?
o What can I learn from my own reactions/actions?
o Is it possible to get more information?
o How can I communicate my dear without leveling an accusation? |
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Term
| - Facts, Accuracy, and the Truth |
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Definition
o The facts don’t necessarily tell us the full story
o Accuracy does not always lead to the truth
o We can’t go on just what we observe, especially if we only observe it once |
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Term
| o People will make attributions based on what they see or think they see |
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Definition
Is that what the source said, or what you “heard”?
- Excellence principles apply to advertising the PR, too |
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Term
| Guest Speaker: Louis Diguid opening quote |
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Definition
| - You are only as good as journalists as the depth and breadth of your experiences as human beings |
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Term
| - In journalism, we communicate in a “currency of conversations” |
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Definition
o All conversations that we have with anyone have value
o Never think that someone has nothing to say on any particular matter |
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Term
- The Golden Rule
o It is flawed |
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Definition
| Not every person wants to be treated the same way |
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Term
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Definition
o Treat others as they would prefer you to treat them
o Ask non-bias questions |
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Term
- Existentialism
o The isms |
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Definition
Racism
Elitism
Sexism |
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Term
| What happens when journalists are victims of the isms? |
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Definition
| o When a journalist falls victim to the isms, he makes existential victims of his interviewees and readers/viewers. |
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Term
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Definition
o Surveillance
Crimes, problems in society
o Correlation
The connect the dots function of the media
o Transmission
Socialization function of the media
Replicating the best people in journalistic society
o Entertainment
Just for diversion
Music, movies, sports, theater, etc.
o Economic
Advertising mostly
• Tells you what products and services are valued in your community
• Who in your community values those products and services |
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Term
| - Different groups in the 5 media functions |
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Definition
o African-Americans (13%), 16% by 2050
Surveillance
Entertainment
o Hispanics (19%), 29% by 2050
Surveillance
o Asian-Americans (4%), 9% by 2050
Invisible
o Native Americans (1-2%), same in 2050
Invisible
o LGBT (10%), same in 2050
Invisible
o Muslims (6%, 36% of that 6% are African-Americans that have converted to Islam) |
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Term
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Definition
o Double consciousness
o African-Americans have the ability to see the world as both Americans and as Africans in America |
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Term
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Definition
o Social capitalism
o Social bonding
Flow of ideas and intellectual capital
o Social bridging |
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Term
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Definition
o Reading
o Remembering
o Reacting
o Repeating |
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Term
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Definition
o Most enduring forces that shape our social tensions
o Once we give up the notion we are all alike, we can give up the idea that if we all talk long enough or loudly enough, we will win others to our side |
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Term
| o What are the fault lines supposed to help us do? |
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Definition
Help reflect the interests, decisions, and actions of various sources in different social groups
Provide a way to identify which cultural voices may be missing from a story
Can be used to identify additional story perspectives and story angles
Offer a way to look at reframing a story or adding complexity to a story |
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Term
| o What are the fault lines? |
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Definition
Race/Ethnicity
Class
Gender
Generation
Geography
Religion (Added)
Ideology (Added) |
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Term
o Tug of War – Exploring fault lines (ON THE FIRST EXAM!!!)
This story uses fault lines to identify additional story perspectives and story angles |
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Definition
Race/ethnicity
• Somali teenagers and their relationship with white Americans
Class
• Middle class
• Both families own their own stores
Gender
• Female perspective
• Story also includes male perspective of the females in the story
Generation
• Crosses two generations and the difficulties between them
• Parents values v. teenage desires
Geography
• Urban setting (Minneapolis) |
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Term
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Definition
o Racial/ethnic categorization has particular meaning based on data
o Realize the implications |
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Term
| - Why is census data collected? |
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Definition
o Mandated to determine apportionment
o Distribution of tax dollars
o Community planning
o Uphold civil rights measures |
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Term
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Definition
| o Race/ethnicity data mainly through self-identification |
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Term
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Definition
| o Sociopolitical constructs and not anthropologically or scientifically based |
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Term
- Race is separate from ethnicity
- Terminology of race vs. ethnicity |
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Definition
OMG 1997 declared these categories to be the minimum racial/ethnic categories for which the US government should collect data
• Race
o American India or Alaska Native
o Asian
o Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
o Black or African American
o White (Non-Hispanic)
• Ethnicity
o Hispanic or Latino
o Not Hispanic or Latino |
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Term
| - Questions about measurement of the Census |
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Definition
o What about people who don’t seem to fit the categories offered?
o What about the “White” category, Caucasian or European Americans?
o Why must we pick an ethnic category?
- Identifying or no identifying?
o A matter of choice?
o Opportunities and Threats
Advantages for whom?
Pressures of an identity? |
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Term
- Guest Speaker: Salim Al-Habash
o Palestinian |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
o Cognitive attributes
The mental images that we have of other people
• Social groups, people from those social groups
Expressed in the form of attributes
o Affective attributes
They can be positive, negative or both
o Behavioral
They stem from previous behavior |
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Term
| - Schema Priming Behavior |
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Definition
o Schema
A stereotype is a schema for people we perceive as belonging to a social group
Experience
o Priming
Tends to alter our interpretations of things toward what fits (is congruent with) our schema
Media
o Behavior
Ultimate attribution error influences judgment (cognition) and behavior
Prejudice |
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Term
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Definition
o In-group favoritism
You identify more with people like you
Positive attributed related to the “us” and negative attributed related to the “them”
o Out-group prejudice
Disliking those that are not “us”
o Intergroup conflict
Us vs. them |
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Term
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Definition
o Three studies (1933, 1951, 1959) showed that stereotypes are fading away
o All participants were white, male and upper-middle class
o NOT TRUE |
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Term
| Stereotypes are still here, but it has become politically incorrect to talk about them |
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Definition
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Term
- Is it all in our heads?
o Our nervous system is guided by two mechanisms |
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Definition
Automatic: unintentional, unconscious, quick and requires fewer cognitive resources we don’t really think about them
Controlled: intentional, conscious, slower, and requires more cognitive resources (this is where we think things through) Explicit |
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