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IUPUI C125 Lab Midterm
Chemistry Lab midterm review, selected topics
14
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
10/08/2013

Additional Chemistry Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Strong Acids
Definition
HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HClO3, HClO4, and H2SO4
Term
Weak Acids (selected few)
Definition
HF, HC2H3O2 (acetic acid), H2CO3(carbonic acid), H3PO4 (phosphoric acid), and many more
Term
Strong Bases
Definition
NaOH, KOH, LiOH, Ba(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2
Term
Salts (examples)
Definition
NaCl, KBr, MgCl2
Term
Weak Bases
Definition
NH3 (ammonia), C5H5N (pyridine), and several more, all containing "N"
Term
Charle's Law
Definition

Volume and Temperature are directly proportional to each other. (Take a balloon outside in the cold, it will shrink)

 

V=kT

Term
Boyle's Law
Definition

If temperature and moles of gas are constant, the amount of pressure and volume are inversly proportional:

Increase in pressure=decrease in volume

 

P= k

     —

     V

 

Term

Solubility Rules

(for ionic compounds in water)

Definition

1. All common compounds of group 1A ions (Li+, Na+, K+, etc.) and ammonium ion (NH4+) are soluble.

 

2. All common nitrates (NO3-), acetates (CH3COO- or C2H3O2-) and most perchlorates (ClO4-) are soluble.

 

3. All common chlorides (Cl-), bromides (Br-) and iodides (I-) are solulble except those of Ag+, Pb2+, Cu+, and Hg22+


4. All common sulfates (SO42-) are soluble, except those of Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, and Pb2+

Term
Insoluble Ionic Compounds
Definition

1. All common metal hydroxides are insoluble, except those of Group 1A and the larger members of Group 2A (beginning with Ca2+)


2. All common carbonates (CO32+) and phosphates (PO43-) are insoluble except those of Group 1A and NH4+.



3. All common sulfides and insoluble except those of Group 1A, Group 2A and NH4+.

Term
Formula for mass%
Definition

 

 

                  mass%= mass of solute

                               mass of solution


Term
Driving Forces
Definition

1. Formation of Precipitate

2. Formation of gas

3. Formation of water (acid-base RXN)

4. Formation of soluble weak electrolyte.

Term
Formation of Precipitate
Definition
when two substances react to form an insoluble solid. (use solubility rules)
Term
Formation of Water
Definition
In an acid-base reaction will produce water and a salt. (sometimes called neutralization)
Term
Formation of a Soluble Weak Electrolyte
Definition
weak electrolyte only dissociates partially.
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