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| A picture element (dot) ona computer screen or printout; groups of --- compose the images on the monitor and the output of a printout |
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| Graphics in which images are stored and manipulated as organized collections of pixels rather than as shapes and lines; contrast with object-oriented graphics |
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| The number of bits devoted to each pixel |
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| Density of pixels, measured by the number of dots per inch |
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| The storage of pictures as collections of lines, shapes, and other objects |
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| Image Processing Software |
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Definition
| Software that enables the user to manipulate photographs and other high-resolution images |
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| Stores a picture as a collection of lines and shapes; also stores shapes as shape forumlas and text as text |
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| A collection of redrawn images that you can cut out and paste into your own documents |
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| CAD (Computer-Aided Design) |
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| The sue of computers to design products |
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| Presentation Graphics Software |
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Definition
| Automates the creation of visual aids for lectures, training sessions, and other presentations; can include everything from spreadsheet charting programs to animation editing software, but most commonly used for creating and displaying a series of onscreen slides to serve as visual aids for presentations |
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| The process of simulating motion with a series of still pictures |
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| Video reduced to a series of numbers that can be edited, stored, and played back without loss of quality |
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| Software for editing digital video, including titles, sound, and special effects |
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| Video clip in which one image metamorphoses into another |
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| An interactive cross-referenced system that allows textual information to be linked in nonsequential ways; a --- document contains links that lead quickly to other parts of the document or to related documents |
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| A word, phrase, or picture that acts as a button, enabling the user to explore the Web or a multimedia document with mouse clicks |
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| The combination of text, numbers, graphics, animation, sound effects, music, and other media in hyperlinked documents |
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| A method of compression that can squeeze a music file to a fraction of its original CD file with only a slight loss of quality |
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| MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface) |
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Definition
| A standard interface that allows electronic instruments and computers to communicate with each other and work together |
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| The use of computers to create abstract models of objects, organizms, organizations, and processes |
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| A computer model of a real-life situation |
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| In a computer simulation, the user and the computer respond to data from each other |
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| Provides direct instruction in a clearly specified skill or subject |
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| Software used as an introductory teaching or transitional tool for user tasks |
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| A software help agent that walks the user through a complex process |
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| A documentation file that appears onscreen at the user's request |
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| A small text file that comes with many software packages and contains information not included in the official documentation |
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| Documentation and help available through a software company's Web site |
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| A set of rules of the exchange of data between a terminal and a computer or between two computers |
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| HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) |
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Definition
| The internet protocol used to transfer Web pages |
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| FTP (File Transfer Protocol) |
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Definition
| A communications protocol that enables users to download files from remote servers to their computers and to upload files they want to share from their computers to these archives |
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| TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) |
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Definition
| Protocols developed as an experiment in internetworking, now the language of the Internet, allowing cross-network communication for almost every type of computer and network |
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| Small files deposited on a user's hard disk by Web sites, enabling sites to remember what they know about their visitors between sessions |
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| An email discussion group on special-interest topics; all subscribers receive messages sent to the group's mailing address |
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| Ongoing public discussions on a particular subject consisting of notes written to a central Internet site and redistributed through a worldwide newsgroup network called Usenet; you can check into and out of them whenever you want; all messages are posted on virtual bulletin boards for anyone to read anytime |
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| Rules of etiquette that apply to Internet communication |
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| A self-contained intraorganizational network that is designed using the same technology as the Internet |
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| URL (Uniform Resource Locator) |
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| The address of a Web site |
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| The quantity of information that can be transmitted through a communication medium in a given amount of time |
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| Part of the Internet, a collection of multimedia documents created by organizations and users worldwide; documents are linked in a hypertext Web that allows users to explore them with simple mouse clicks |
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| Network created in 1969 from a government grant during the Cold War that is the foundation of today's internet |
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| A special type of communications software designed to access and display information at internet websites |
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| A program for locating information on the Web |
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| Allows Internet users to send mail messages, data files, and software programs to other Internet users and to users of most commerical networks and online services |
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| HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) |
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| A text file that includes codes that describe the format, layout, and logical structure of a hypermedia document; most Web pages are created with --- |
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| The coming together of two or more disciplines or technologies; for example, the fax machine was produced by a --- of telecommunication technology, optical scanning technology, and printing technology |
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| An online meeting between two or more people |
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| Face-to-face communication over long distances using video and computer technology |
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| Home information workers, especially those who commute by modem |
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| A television that processes information through a binary code rather than an analog system |
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| Technology in which information is delivered automatically to a client computer; the user subscribes to a service and the server delivers that information periodically and unobtrusively; |
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| Technology in which browsers on client computers pull information from server machines; the browser needs to initiate a request before any information is delivered |
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| PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) |
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Definition
| A pocket-sized computer used to organize appointments, tasks, notes, contacts, and other personal information; sometimes called handheld computer or palmtop computer; many --- include additional software and hardware for wireless communication |
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| GPS (Global Positioning System) |
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Definition
| A device that can use --- signals to determine its location and communicate that information to a person or a computer |
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| A computer-controlled machine designed to perform specific manual tasks |
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| A robot in the form of a human being |
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| Human with mechanical or electronic parts |
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| A device that enables digital machines to monitor a physical quantity of the analog world- temp, humidigy, pressure, etc- to provide data used in robotics, environmental climate control, and other applications |
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| AI (Artificial Intelligence) |
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Definition
| The field of computer science denoted to making computers perceive, reason, and act in ways that have, until now, been reserved for human beings |
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| A way to test machine intelligence |
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| Using multiple processors to divide jobs into pieces and work simultaneously on the pieces |
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| AI techniques that make it possible for machine performance to improve based on feedback from past performance |
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| Language that people speak and write everyday |
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| Knowledge acquired from living in teh world based on human experience |
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| A software program that can ask questions, respond to commands, pay attention to its user's work patterns, serve as a guide and a coach, take on its owner's goals, and use reasoning to fabricate goals of its own |
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| Identifying recurring patterns in input data with the goal of understanding or categorizing that input |
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| A software program designed to replicate the decision-making process of a human expert |
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| A database that contains both facts and a system of rules for determinign and changing the relationship between those facts |
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| Software that derives logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true |
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| A type of logic that allows conclusions to be stated as probabilities rather than certainties |
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| The narrow knowledge base of an expert system |
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| The process of identifying objects and shapes in a photograph, drawing, video, or other visual machines |
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| Using a computer to create, edit, and print documents |
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Definition
| The function of software, such as word processing software, taht enables users to change the appearance of a document by specifying the font, point size, and style of any character in teh document, as well as the overall layout of text and graphical elements in the document |
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Definition
| A built-in component of a word processor or a separate program that compares words in a document with words ina disk-based dictionary and flags words not found in teh dictionary; may operate in batch mode, checking all the words at once, or interactive mode, checking one word at a time |
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| Grammar and Style Checker |
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Definition
| Component of word-processing software that analyzes each word in context, checking for content errors, common grammatical errors, and stylistic problems |
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| A synonym finder; often included with a word processor |
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| THe process of automatically moving words that do not fit on the current line to the next line in a document |
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| The allignment of text ona line; left justification (smooth left margin and ragged right margin), right justification, full justification (both margins are smooth), and center justification |
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| Block that appears at the top of every page ina document, displaying repetive information such as a chapter title |
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| Block of information that appears at the bottom of every page in a document, displaying repetive information such as an automatically calculated page number |
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| Arranging information into hierarchies or levels of ideas |
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| A size and style of typeface |
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| A style of characters used for printing |
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| Fonts embellished with fine lines at the ends of the main strokes of each character |
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| A font in which all characters are equal width, like a typewriter's characters |
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| Proportionally Spaced Fonts |
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Definition
| Fonts that alow more room for wide characters such as W than for narrow characters such as I |
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| Measurement of characters, with one point equal to 1/72 inch |
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| Software used mainly to produce print publications; also, the process of using desktop publishing software to produce publications |
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| In desktop publishing, used to combine various source documents into a coherent, visually appealing publication |
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| The spacing between letter pairs in a document |
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| The spacing beetween lines; space above and below single-spaced words in order to make sure that different lines do not touch |
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| In desktop publishing, the pages that control the general layout of the document; header/footer is used when certain words are to be duplicated over multiple pages |
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| PDF (portable document format) |
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Definition
| Allows documents of all types to be displayed on any computer screen, including the original formatting; reading printed words on pages is easier on the eyes |
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