Term
|
Definition
| direct thrombin inhibitor, used as an alternative to warfarin |
|
|
Term
| how is the best way to switch from dagibatran to warfarin |
|
Definition
| stop the dag 3 days after you start the warfarin |
|
|
Term
| rhabdo vs hemolysis in the urine |
|
Definition
| both will have +urine dipstick for blood but rhabdo will be clear with no RBC under microscope, hemolysis will show hemolysis and be red |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what antiarrythmic causes lung toxicity and how |
|
Definition
| amiodarone causes interstitial pulmonitis |
|
|
Term
| whereisrocy k mountain spotted fever rash located |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inhibit gluconeogenesis in the liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increase insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissue |
|
|
Term
| what cancer is MOST likely to cause hi Ca |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what metabolic/electrolyte abnormalities can small cell of lung cause? prostate cancer? thyroid cancer? |
|
Definition
small cell = siadh or cushings
prostate = siadh
thyroid = cushings |
|
|
Term
| #1 cause of primary hyperparathyroidism |
|
Definition
| parathyroid gland hyperplasia, usually only one gland, 10% of the time its all four |
|
|
Term
| when do you treat primary hyperparathyroidism surgically |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cr increase of .3+ in 1-2 days OR
Cr increase over 50% baseline |
|
|
Term
| signs of acute intersititial nephritis |
|
Definition
-it causes AKI
-macpap rash
-arthralgias
-fever
-usually drug cause |
|
|
Term
| what change in K do diuretics cause (inc or dec) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| eye infections in newborns and timeline of presentation |
|
Definition
1-2days chlamydia
3-5 days old gonno |
|
|
Term
| if no other comorbidities whats #1 line bp med |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when would you chose ACEI instead of thiazide |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when would you chose BB instead of thiazie |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what typeof med is zolendronic acid and what are the ADEs |
|
Definition
bisphosphonate
AKI, jaw necrosis, anemia (but check Cr before starting) |
|
|
Term
| when would you dc and ACEI or and ARB 2/2 kidney probs |
|
Definition
| only if Cr inc by more than 30%, less than that is ok |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hyperpigmentation in pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| presentation of hypersensitivity pneumonitis |
|
Definition
-normal xr
-restrictive lung disease sx
-sudden onset followed by resolution then additional "attacks" upon re-exposure |
|
|
Term
| what effects on the parathyroid are seen in CKD |
|
Definition
| hyperparathyroidism in CKD stage 4 |
|
|
Term
| sx of hantavirus, what carries the virus |
|
Definition
deer mice
pulmonary syndrome |
|
|
Term
| erythema multiforme vs erythema migrans |
|
Definition
-migrans seen in lymes
-multiforme can be 2/2 to unknown cause or 2/2 drug reaction, usually itches but is also a bullseye on hands and feet tho |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fleshy ring lesions on dorsal hands and feet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
500mg IM ceftriaxone
1g azithromycin |
|
|
Term
| when suspicious for IBS what other disease do you need to r/o and when |
|
Definition
| celiacs, when they are diarrhea predominant ibs |
|
|
Term
| what type of HA creates a contraindication to combined OCP and why? |
|
Definition
| migraine with aura. women with migraine + aura are at sig high risk for stroke. ocp inc risk both for the migraine but also for the procoagulative state |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| it binds phosphate decreasing phosphate abs in the GI tract. net dec in blood phos causes feedback to parathyroid to chill out. decreased pth means decreased calcium release from bone. overall goal is to treat hyperCa in pts with CKD. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tx sleep apnea in kids diff than adults |
|
Definition
| in kids with big tonsils the first step is tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy |
|
|
Term
| which kidney stones form in alkaline urine thereby being treated with acidification of the urine |
|
Definition
| struvite (MAP), Calcium phosphate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| seen in children, typically active ones. the thought is that it stems from the bones growing faster than tendons can keep up so as the Achilles tendon becomes tighter it pulls on the calcaneus (heel) and the stress to the heel creates pain. |
|
|
Term
| severs disease is aka, tx? |
|
Definition
| calcaneal apophysis, rest/nsaids/brace/pt |
|
|
Term
| at what chads score do you need to start an anticoagulant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| antiplatelets vs anticoags pre-op |
|
Definition
| pts with coronary events on antiplatelet tx need to continue thru surgery. anticoags you obvi d/c |
|
|
Term
| FABER + test of the hip means.... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| #1 and #2 tx for hyperthyroidism |
|
Definition
#1 methimazole (PTU causes liver damage)
#2 radioactive ablation if meds don't work |
|
|
Term
| at what BMI do you consider bariatric surgery |
|
Definition
| over 40 or over 35 with obesity related comorbidities |
|
|
Term
| best lab test for left ventricular function |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| generic name for flexeril |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do you use for prophy in gbs + preggos with non critical allergy to penicillin? what if they have like anaphylyxis allergy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
men45 -79 for mi prevention
women55-79 for stroke prevention |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| men 65-75 with hx of smoking |
|
|
Term
| time frame for anticoag s/p major ortho surgery |
|
Definition
10-14 days minimum while inpatient
35 total days including outpatient anticoag |
|
|
Term
| what is a common cause of apnea and arefflexia in pt with severe pre-ecclampsia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tylenol vs nsaids in liver cirrhosis |
|
Definition
| NO NSAIDS EVER. 1-2g/day of acetaminophen a day is ok |
|
|
Term
| well demarcated groin plaques that are coral red with woods lamp |
|
Definition
| erythrasma, from corynebacterium minnumatum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| time frame of an acute distress disorder |
|
Definition
| within 4 weeks of a trauma |
|
|
Term
| what type of work creates exposure to beryllium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you create support in ankle sprain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acetazolamide 1-2 days pre exposure |
|
|
Term
| what antiarrtyhmic is contraI in pt with class III sysCHF |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| best antiD in adolescents |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what osteoporosis med also txs vertebral fract pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what med is most likely to cause hypoglycemia in elderly ppl |
|
Definition
| sulfonylureas, glyburide > glipizide |
|
|
Term
| hyposexual dysfunctional disorder tx in women |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| within 72 hours do elliptical excision |
|
|
Term
| what causes jarisch hervheimer rxn |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the sx of jarisch herxheimer rxn |
|
Definition
| low grade fever, myalgia, HA |
|
|
Term
| in totally healthy ppl, when do you screen dm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| platelets, wbc and anemia type in myelodysplastic syndrome |
|
Definition
| thrombocytopenia, neutropenia & macrocytic anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. mild = less than 2 wake ups in a month, alb inhaler less than twice/week, sx less than 2xs/week
2. mild persistant= alb inhaler more than twice a week but not daily, wake up more than twice a month, symptoms more than twice a week but not daily, mild interference with ADL
moderate persistant= daily |
|
|
Term
| catch up rules for rotavirus |
|
Definition
| do not initiate over 15 weeks and do not give after 8 months |
|
|
Term
| drop arm test is what and what does it indicate |
|
Definition
raise pts arm, ask them to hold it at 90deg, it drops
=rot cuff |
|
|
Term
| what 2 shoulder pathologies can happen after falling onto outstretched arm, how do you tell them a part? |
|
Definition
-rotator cuff tear
-prox humurus fracture
-weakness will only be present in rotator cuff tear |
|
|
Term
| mullet fracture, tx options |
|
Definition
| blow to tip of finger causes fracture involving joint space, if less than 30% of space involved just splint it straight, if over 30% may need surgery |
|
|
Term
| tx depression in term ill pt with v short life expectancy |
|
Definition
| stimulants like methylphenidate |
|
|
Term
| dec sx length of bells palsy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what pathogens are more likely to cause lung abssess? tx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| heelpain that is worse with first few steps of morning |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| main diff in sx of heatstroke vs heat exhaustion |
|
Definition
| heat stroke has cns or ams signs |
|
|
Term
| where is iliotibial band pain located |
|
Definition
| lateral knee 2cm proximal from joint line |
|
|
Term
| tx options for constipation in pts on opiates |
|
Definition
miralax(polyethylene glycol)
senna+docusate
milk of magnesia |
|
|
Term
pathophys of refeeding syndrome
sx |
|
Definition
| pts that are already malnourished may have low P. then when given food their insulin increases driving more P into the intracellular space. hypophosphatemia can cause: seizures, heart fail, resp fail, hypotension, metabolic acidosis |
|
|
Term
| most COMMON cause of wheezing + cough with feeding in infant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what sx is the main indication for surgery on an OA knee |
|
Definition
| severe pain is more important than radiological findings |
|
|
