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IT Project Management Chapter 2
Marzjarani test vocab
29
Computer Science
Undergraduate 4
05/10/2011

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Term
adaptive software development
Definition
A software development approach used when requirements cannot be clearly expressed early in the life cycle
Term
agile software development
Definition
a method of software development that uses new approaches focusing on close collaboration between programming teams and business experts
Term
champion
Definition
A senior manager who acts as a key proponent for a project
Term
deliverable
Definition
A product or service such as a technical report, a training session, a piece of hardware, or a segment of software code, produced or provided as a part of a project
Term
executive steering committee
Definition
A group of senior executives from various parts of the organization who regularly review important corporate projects and issues
Term
functional organizational structure
Definition
An organizational structure that groups people by functional areas such as information technology, manufacturing, engineering and human resources
Term
human resources frame
Definition
Focuses on producing harmony between the needs of the organization and the needs of people
Term
it governance
Definition
addresses the authority and control for key it activities in organizations including IT infrastructure, it use and project management
Term
kill point or phase exit
Definition
Managing review that should occur after each project phase to determine if projects should be continued, redirected, or terminated
Term
matrix organizational structure
Definition
An organizational structure in which employees are assigned to both functional and project managers
Term
offshoring
Definition
Outsourcing from another country
Term
organizational culture
Definition
A set of shared assumptions, values, and behaviors that characterize the functioning of an organization
Term
outsourcing
Definition
when an organization acquires goods and or sources from an outside source
Term
political frame
Definition
addresses organizational and personal politics
Term
politics
Definition
Competition between groups or individuals for power and leadership
Term
predictive life cycle
Definition
A software development approach used when the scope of the project can be clearly articulated and the schedule and cost can be accurately predicted
Term
project acquisition
Definition
the last two phases in a project (implementation and close out) that focus on delivering the actual work
Term
project life cycle
Definition
A collection of projects phases such as concept, development, implementation, and close out
Term
project organizational structure
Definition
An organizational structure that groups people by major projects such as specific aircraft programs
Term
structural frame
Definition
deals with how the organization is structured (usually depicted in an organizational chart) and focuses on different groups roles and responsibilities to meet the goals and policies set by top management
Term
symbolic frame
Definition
focuses on the symbols meanings and culture of an organization
Term
systems
Definition
sets of interacting components working within an environment to fulfill some purpose
Term
systems analysis
Definition
a problem solving approach that requires defining the scope of the system to be studied and then dividing it into its component parts for identifying and evaluating its problems opportunities constraints and needs
Term
systems approach
Definition
a holistic and analytical approach to solving complex problems that includes using a systems philosophy systems analysis and systems management
Term
systems development life cycle
Definition
A framework for describing the phases involved in developing and maintaining information systems
Term
systems management
Definition
Addressing the business technological and organizational issues
Term
systems philosophy
Definition
An overall model for thinking about things as systems
Term
systems thinking
Definition
taking a holistic view of an organization to effectively handle complex situations
Term
virtual team
Definition
a group of individuals who work across time and space using communication technologies
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