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| single binary digit with value 0 or 1 |
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| communication method to connect two serial data terminal equipment devices |
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| emulation of a computer system |
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| a small program to help maintain and configure an operating system |
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| an enhanced version of the original bourne shell program and the most common shell on linux systems |
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| internet protocol for addressing machines |
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| protocol for reliably sending data |
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| protocol for computer applications to send messages to other hosts on an ip network |
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| 32 bit mask that divides an ip address into subnets and specifies a network's available hosts |
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| a screen of numbers used for routing traffic within a subnet |
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| a unique address for each interface on an addressable network device |
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| standard network protocol that transfers files between a client and server on a network |
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| networking protocol for clock synchronization between computer systems over packed switched variable latency data networks |
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| a network of networks that carries various information and services |
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| tests the reachability of a host on an ip networks and measures rtt |
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| displays route and measures transit delays of packets across an ip network |
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| connect devices together on a network using packet switching to receive process and forward data to the destination device. unlike hubs they forward data only to one or more devices rather than broadcasting the same data out of each of their ports. unlike routers they connect data lines from one single network |
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| forwards data packets between networks. unlike a switch it is connected to two or more data lines from different networks |
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| connects multiple network segments |
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| node assumed to know how to forward packets to other networks. it is a router by definition |
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| acts as an intermediary for requests from clients seeking resources from other servers |
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| set of rules that determine where data packets traveling over an ip network will go |
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| protocol ipv4 uses to map ip network addresses to hardware addresses that a data link protocol uses |
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| one of the two major classes of intra domain routing protocols. uses the bellman-ford algorithm the ford-fulkerson algorithm or dual fsm to calculate paths |
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| creates a topology of the network and places itself at the root of the tree |
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| blocks unauthorized access while permitting outward communication |
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| examines the data part of a packet as it passes an inspection point searching for protocol noncompliance viruses spam etc to determine if the packet can pass or needs to go somewhere else |
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| a hierarchical decentralized naming system for computers services or any resource connected to the internet or a private network |
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| the idea of using a single tcp connection to send and receive multiple http requests or responses as opposed to opening a new connection for every single pair |
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| neither the sender nor the receiver retains information |
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| collection of switching ports that comprises a single broadcast domain |
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| a multiport repeated that retransmits a signal on all ports |
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| refreshes the signal so that it is restored to its original strength and quality |
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