Term
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Definition
| provides the final certification that the sysytem is ready to be used in a production setting |
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Term
| Business Process Automation |
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Definition
| (GOAL-Efficiency for users): the process a business uses to contain costs. It consists of integrating applications, cutting labor wherever possible, and using software applications throughout the organization. |
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Term
| Business Process Improvement |
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Definition
| (GOAL-Introduce evolutionary changes): a systematic approach to help any organization optimize its underlying processes to achieve more efficient results. Duration Analysis- Calculate time needed for each process step, calculate time needed for overall process, and compare the two. Activity Based Costing- Calculate cost of each process step, consider direct & indirect costs, and identify most costly steps & focus on improving them. Benchmarking- making comparisons to how others do the process. Has the goal of introducing evolutionary changes. |
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Term
| Business Process Reengineering |
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Definition
| (GOAL- Radical/revolutionary redesign of business processes): The radical redesign of business processes, combining steps to cut waste and eliminating repetitive, paper-intensive tasks in order to improve cost, quality, and service, and to maximize the benefits of information technology. |
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Term
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Definition
| In the context of implementation, the individual acting as the catalyst during the change process to ensure successful organizational adaptation to a new system or innovation. |
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Term
| Computer-aided design (CAD) |
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Definition
| Information system that automates the creation and revision of designs using sophisticated graphics software. |
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Term
| Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE) |
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Definition
| Automation of step-by-step methodologies for software and systems development to reduce the amounts of repetitive work the developer needs to do. |
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Term
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Definition
| &an abstract model that includes all of the entities of a database and the relationships among them, is organized to minimize redundancy maximize accuracy, and makes data easily accessible for reporting and analysis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Technology for helping users see patterns and relationships in large amounts of data by presenting the data in graphical form. |
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Term
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Definition
| Descriptions of how an information system works from either a technical or end-user standpoint. |
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Term
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Definition
| Knowledge-intensive computer program that captures the expertise of a human in limited domains of knowledge. |
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Term
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Definition
| The first of Simon's four stages of decision making, when the individual collects information to identify problems occurring in the organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| Simon's second stage of decision making, when the individual conceives of possible alternative solutions to a problem. |
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Term
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Definition
| Simon's third stage of decision making, when the individual selects among the various solution alternatives. |
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Term
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Definition
| Simon's final stage of decision-making, when the individual puts the decision into effect and reports on the progress of the solution. |
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Term
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Definition
| Powerful desktop computer for financial specialists, which is optimized to access and manipulate massive amounts of financial data. |
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Term
| Joint Application Design (JAD) |
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Definition
| Process to accelerate the generation of information requirements by having end users and information systems specialists work together in intensive interactive design sessions. |
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Term
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Definition
| The computer hardware designed and optimized for the specific knowledge tasks to be performed |
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Term
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Definition
| Radical reconceptualization of the nature of the business and the nature of the organization. |
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Term
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Definition
| Introduces the new system in stages either by functions or by organizational units. |
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Term
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Definition
| Describe the logic of the processes occurring within the lowest levels of a data flow diagram. |
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Term
| Semi-structured decisions |
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Definition
| Decisions in which only part of the problem has a clear-cut answer provided by an accepted procedure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Models that ask "what-if" questions repeatedly to determine the impact of changes in one or more factors on the outcomes. |
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Term
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Definition
| The techniques are step by step, with each step building on the previous one, from general to specific. Development methods are process-oriented, focusing primarily on modeling the processes, or actions, that capture, store, manipulate, and distribute data as the data flow through a system. |
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Term
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Definition
| Decisions that are repetitive, routine, and have a definite procedure for handling them. |
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Term
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Definition
| Non-routine decisions in which the decision maker must provide judgment, evaluation, and insights into the problem definition; there is no agreed-upon procedure for making such decisions. |
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Term
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Definition
Tests the functioning of the information system as a whole in order to determine if discrete
modules will function together as planned. (as opposed to unit testing) |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of testing each program separately in the system. Sometimes called program testing. |
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Term
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Definition
| The analysis of a problem that the organization will try to solve with an information system. |
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Term
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Definition
| Details how a system will meet the information requirements as determined by the systems analysis. |
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Term
| Enterprise-wide knowledge management systems |
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Definition
| structured, semi structured, and unstructured types of knowledge; general-purpose, firm wide systems that collect, store, distribute, and apply digital content and knowledge. |
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Term
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Definition
| specialized systems for engineers, scientists, and other knowledge workers that are designed to promote the creation of knowledge and to ensure that new knowledge and technical expertise are properly integrated into the business. |
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