Term
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Definition
| involves goal directed behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| internal state of tension that otivates an organism to engage in activites that should reduce this tension, actions should reduce the drive, not able to explain all motivation (overeating, the "thirst for knowledge") |
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Term
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Definition
| incntive-an external goal that has the capacity to motivate behavior. downplay biological basis of motivation, emphasize environmental factors |
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Term
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Definition
| motivation that encourages reproductive success is passed on. |
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Term
| biological factors of hunger motivation |
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Definition
| lateral hypothalamus-causes hunger. ventromedial hypothalamus-causes fullness. neuropeptide, seretonin, and GABA involved |
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Term
| Glucose and Digestive Regulation |
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Definition
| glucostats-neurons sensitive to glucose in the surrounding fluids. stomach sends signals to regulate hunger |
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Term
| environmental factors of regulation of hunger |
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Definition
| people may eat for the pleasure of eating, palatability-eat more food that tastes good. quantity available-people tend to consume what is in front of them. some cravings are not learned but are developed early in life. stress leads to more eating for many people |
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Term
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Definition
| the need to master difficult challenges, to outperform others, and to meet high standars of excellence |
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Term
| situational determinants of behavior |
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Definition
| strength of motivation to acheive success (personality), probability of success, incentive value of success |
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Term
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Definition
| cognitive, physiological, and behavioral component |
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Term
| james lange theory of emotion |
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Definition
| "i feel afraid because i tremble". the conscious experience of emotion results from one's perception of autonomic arousel |
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Term
| cannon bard theory of emotion |
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Definition
| "the dog makes me tremble and afraid". emotion occurs when the thalamus sents signals simultaneiously to the conscious emotion and the autonomic nervous system, emotions originate in subcortal brain structure |
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Term
| schatchter's two factor theory of emotion |
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Definition
| people look at situational cues to differentiate between alternative emotions. 1. autonomic arousal and 2. cognitive interpretation of that arousal |
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Term
| common sense theory of emotion |
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Definition
| "i tremble because i'm afraid", attributes the physiological response to the emotion |
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Term
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Definition
| irrelvevant reasons-conclusion does not fit the premise, cicular reasoning-premise and concluse are restatements of each other, slippery slope, weak analogies, false dichotomy-saying that that its an either-or choice, only two extreme possibilities |
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Term
| ego-approach orientation (performance orientation) |
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Definition
| a competitive orientation that focuses on being judged favorably compared to other people |
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Term
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Definition
| " I want to do well on the test so my parents don't get mad at me" avoiding negative affects is main goal |
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Term
| praising children example from class |
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Definition
| children that are praised for being smart instead of working hard are more likely to give up earlier, enjoy subsequent puzzles less, and perform worse on subsequent puzzles |
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Term
| procrastination and self handicapping |
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Definition
| procrastinate in order to have an excuse for why you do poorly on a task or a test |
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Term
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Definition
| promote and preserve adaptive functioning, communicate internal states, motivate goal directed behavior |
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Term
| role of thalamus in emotion |
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Definition
| receives input from senses and send it either to the cortex or the amyglada. cortex is the "high road" for slow cognitive processing. amyglada is quick emotional reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| westernized countries seek positive emotions that are high in arousel, excited and enthusaistic. eastern countries seek positive emotions that are calm, peaceful, or content. |
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Term
| adaptation level principle |
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Definition
| explains why money doesnt buy happiness after the basic biological needs are met. we judge our happiness in relation to our prior experiences |
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Term
| relative deprevation principle |
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Definition
| we judge our happiness relative to ours achievement, possessions, or happiness |
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