Term
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Definition
Geography is
a science
of all process in both time and space
it has two main branches
physical geography
and
human geography |
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Term
| How is geography holistic? |
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Definition
| Geography is holistic because in combinews the study of all branches of science and knowledge |
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Term
How is geography integrative?
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Definition
| Geography is integrative because in uses and applies all aspects of science and knowledge to various issues of geography. |
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Term
Geography is holistic because?
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Definition
combines the study of all branches of science and knowledge
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Term
Geography is integrative because?
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Definition
uses and applies all aspects of science and knowledge to various issues of geography.
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Term
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Definition
The hydrosphere is the study of, and the collection of the various aspects of water in and around the earth, in vapour, liquid, and solid form.
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Term
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Definition
the study of, and the collection of the various aspects of water in and around the earth, in vapour, liquid, and solid form.
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Definition
The atmosphere is the collection and or study of all of the gasses in and around the earth.
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Term
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Definition
the collection and or study of all of the gasses in and around the earth.
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Term
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Definition
The lithosphere is the collection of all of the various rocks both solid and broken as well as soil in and around the earth.
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Term
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Definition
the collection of all of the various rocks both solid and broken as well as soil in and around the earth.
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Definition
The biosphere is the collection and study of all living organisms in and around the earth.
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Term
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Definition
| the collection and study of all living organisms in and around the earth. |
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Term
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Definition
The ecosphere is the integration, the combination and interaction of all the other four spheres, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, the lithosphere, and the biosphere.
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Term
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Definition
the integration, the combination and interaction of all the other four spheres, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, the lithosphere, and the biosphere.
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Term
| What is the law of uniformitarianism? |
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Definition
Uniformitarianism is an assumtion that all of the laws of science that we know and can discover both created the world as we find it and will continue to create the world of the future. The laws of science are constant and do not change.
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Term
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Definition
an assumtion that all of the laws of science that we know and can discover both created the world as we find it and will continue to create the world of the future. The laws of science are constant and do not change.
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Term
| What is the Gaia hypothesis? |
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Definition
The Gaia hypothesis is that the earth is a living organism. It is self regulating. The Gaia hypothesis was thought up by James Lovelock.
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Term
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Definition
that the earth is a living organism. It is self regulating. The Gaia hypothesis was thought up by James Lovelock.
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Term
Part of the Gaia hypothesis is?
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Definition
that the earth is a living organism.
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Term
Part of the Gaia hypothesis is?
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Definition
It is the earth is self regulating.
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Term
The Gaia hypothesis was thought up by?
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Definition
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Term
List from biggest to smallest.
A star
a planet
a plantetismal |
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Definition
a star
a planet
a plantetismal
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Term
List from biggest to smallest.
a star
the universe
a plantetismal
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Definition
the universe
a star
a plantetismal
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Term
List from biggest to smallest.
a star
a planet
the universe
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Definition
the universe
a star
a planet
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Term
List from biggest to smallest.
supergalaxies
a galaxy
the universe
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Definition
the universe
superglaxies
a galaxy
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Term
List from biggest to smallest.
a star
supergalaxies
a galaxy
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Definition
supergalaxies
a galaxy
a star
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Term
List from biggest to smallest.
a star
a planet
a galaxy
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Definition
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Term
List from biggest to smallest.
A star
a planet
a plantetismal
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Definition
a star
a planet
a plantetismal
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Term
List from biggest to smallest.
a planet
a comet
a plantetismal
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Definition
a planet
a plantetismal
a comet
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Term
List from biggest to smallest.
a comet
a plantetismal
the universe
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Definition
the universe
a plantetismal
a comet
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Term
List from biggest to smallest.
supergalaxies
the universe
a comet
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Definition
the universe
supergalaxies
a comet
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Term
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Definition
| the distance light can travel in one year. |
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Term
| Why is the universe measured in light years and not kilometers? |
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Definition
| the univerrse is so vast the numbers would be so large as to be unnameable. |
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Term
| What spead does light travel at? |
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Definition
| It travels at a constant speed. 186,000 miles per second. |
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Term
| Can light travel slower or faster? |
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Definition
| No it travels at a constant speed 186,000 miles per second.. |
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Term
| What is the steady state theory? |
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Definition
The steady state theory is that the universe has allways and will allways be the same. It is expanding and it has allways expanded. Inorder for it to continue to expand new material is allways beging created [It does not reguire much new material to be constantly being created howeverr even that little bit no longer fits with what science knows.]. The steady state theory is no longer held to be true by science.
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Term
The steady state theory is?
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Definition
that the universe has allways and will allways be the same. It is expanding and it has allways expanded. Inorder for it to continue to expand new material is allways beging created [It does not reguire much new material to be constantly being created howeverr even that little bit no longer fits with what science knows.]. The steady state theory is no longer held to be true by science.
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Term
| The steady state theory is? |
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Definition
| no longer held to be true by science. |
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Term
Part of the steady state theory is?
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Definition
that the universe has allways and will allways be the same.
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Term
Part of the steady state theory is?
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Definition
It is the universe is expanding and it has allways expanded and will always expand.
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Term
Part of the steady state theory is?
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Definition
Inorder for the universe to continue to expand new material is allways beging created [It does not reguire much new material to be constantly being created how.]
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Term
In the steady state theory, inorder for the universe to continue to expand new material is allways being created. How much?
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Definition
It does not reguire much new material to be constantly being created however even that little bit no longer fits with what science knows.
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Term
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Definition
that the universe exploded from a begining and is still expanding
all scientis would agree on this.
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Term
| What is The Big Bang Theory? |
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Definition
The Big Bang Theory is that the universe exploded from a begining and is still expanding
all scientis would agree on this.
Not all would agree that the explosion began with a singularity, "a single point"
The uncertainty principle of quatum physics prevents such a certainty.
On the other end - what will happen
1.) if there is a critical amount of mass to the uniiverse it will colapse - implode
2.) Most scientices believe the universe will just keep expanding and then freezee die
3.) Some hold it will rip apart due to the forces of expansion and then the different parts will freeze die. |
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Term
One of the possible outcomes of the Big Bang will be?
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Definition
if there is a critical amount of mass to the uniiverse it will colapse - implode
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Term
In the Big Bang Theory most people believe that the universe is going to?
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Definition
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Term
One of the possible outcomes of the Big Bang is that the universe will?
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Definition
just keep expanding and then freezee die
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Term
In the Big Bang Theory most scientists believe the universe will?
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Definition
just keep expanding and then freeze die
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Term
One of the outcomes of the Big Bang is that the universe will?
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Definition
rip apart due to the forces of expansion and then the different parts will freeze die.
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Term
| To have a sigularity, a single point of begining to the Universe means that |
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Definition
| Science would have had to have solved the quatum mechanics uncertaintly principle and know both the speed of the single point for the univer's begining and its position. Which is imposible according to quatum mechanics. |
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Term
Not all scientists would agree that the explosion of the Big Bang?
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Definition
began with a singularity, "a single point"
The uncertainty principle of quatum physics prevents such a certainty.
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Term
The uncertainty principle of quatum physics prevents the certainty that?
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Definition
The Big Bang of the universe began with a singularity, "a single point"
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Term
The uncertainty principle of quatum physics is that?
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Definition
| One can determine either the speed of a sub atomic particle or its position but not both at the same time. |
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Term
| In physical geography how are things dated? Determined what is older. |
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Definition
there are two methods
1.) relative dateting
2.) absolute dateting |
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Term
| In physical geography what is relative dating? |
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Definition
| It is based upon where in the many layers of rock something lies. Lower layers of rock are older than layers above them. |
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Term
| What is aboslute dating in physical geography? |
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Definition
| it is radiometric dateting |
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Term
| List 5 things to the best of your current geographic knowledge make the earth unique. |
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Definition
1.) distance from the sun means the earth is not too hot 2.) or too cold for life.
3.) There is an atmospher that provides oxigen to support life.
4.) There is an abundance of water to support life.
5.) The mass / size of the earth is such that we are neither too thin and tall (with less gravity / masss) 0r so flat and thick (with more gravitry / mass) |
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Term
| Some use the Gaia Hypothesis to suggest that the earth is |
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Definition
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Term
| Lovelock does not claim that the earth |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| By geography being a continum of study across all fields of study it is |
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Definition
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Term
| The study of water in physical geography fits into the |
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Definition
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Term
| The sphere of gases in geography is called the |
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Definition
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Term
| The assumption that the laws of physics and chemestry that are acting now in the world will continue to act in the same way is part of the |
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Definition
| law of uniformitasrianism |
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Term
| The sphere of life in geography is called the |
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Definition
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Term
| That geography draws on a variety of diciplines outside of geography and uses them makes geography |
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Definition
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Term
| Because the laws of physics chemestry etc. that are opperating now are the same as the process that were acting in the past is part of the |
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Definition
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Term
| The largest features of the universe are measured in |
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Definition
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Term
| One of the diferences of georaphy from other studies is that |
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Definition
| it does not have a particular thing it studies. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
6 different radioactive isotopes which each have a stable .
isotope ..
Carbon 14 and carbon 12 are one of those pairs |
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Term
| Using carbon 14 to date something is only good for |
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Definition
| those things that were once alive |
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Term
| water and its cycles through all the sytems is refered to in physical geography as |
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Definition
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Term
| What sphere of the earth includes all the others physical geographic spheres? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the outer zone of the solid earth called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the zone of life in geography called? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does carbon 14 dating work? |
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Definition
all living things absorbe carbon 14 and carbon 12 in an set relationship.
When a living thing dies is begins to loose its carbon 14 at a set rate.
After 5730 years half of the original carbon 14 is gone. (This is called its half life)
In the next 5730 years half of the remaining is gone.
In the next 5730 years half of that remaining is gone.
and so on
So it can be used to date things that were once living up to 50,000 years ago. |
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Term
| The air, the resevoir for heat and moistur on the earth . All the gasses such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapour and the ozone are refered to in geography as. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the idea of differentiation? |
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Definition
to seperate to make different
in occures in the protoplanet disk through the forces of heat, chemistry, gravity, and collision |
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Term
| How does differentiation explain the formation of the earth? |
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Definition
In the protoplanet disk
1.) heat a.) through solar flares blow low density material further out b.) collisions heat up surfaces mealts lighter materials rise heavier sink
2.) Chemically lighter elements rise heavier sink, bonding interferes (heavier elements bonding with lighter and rising to surface)
3.) gravity - heavier pulled closer
4.) collision - lighter material throwen off to surrounding area or space. |
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Term
| What is the idea of accretion? |
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Definition
to build up to add to
in protoplanetary forms in he protoplanetary disk the material begins to seperate; the central mass gravitationally pulls some of the disk into itself, and the dust - gasses in the disk through collision and sticking to each other, as the disk cools, forms protplanetary material |
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Term
| How does accreation help to explain the formation of the earth? |
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Definition
| the dust aand gasses of the protoplanetary disk cool and through collision and sticking together over time form a planet. |
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Term
| How does the nebular hypothesis explain the formation of our solar system? |
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Definition
stars form in massive dense clouds of molecular hydrogen - giant molecular clouds, These clouds coalesce through gravitational forces, into smaller denser clumps, which when then collapse to a certain size and mass igniting into stars.
The remaining protoplanetary disk over a long process of 100 million to a billion years merge into planets. |
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Term
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Definition
| a cloud of interstellar dust, hydrogen gass, helium gas and other Ionized gases |
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Term
| What is a potoplanetary disk? |
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Definition
| It is gaseous. It is the result of a nebula coalescing into smaller denser clumps. |
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Term
| How long does it take a star to form out of a nebula? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does every protoplanetary disk give birth to planets? |
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Definition
| in certain circumstances which are not well known. Planetary systems formation is thought to be the natural result of star formation. |
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Term
| What usual shape is a protoplanetary disk? |
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Definition
| Sort of fried egg shape, with a larger mass of gases in the center and a thiner disk of gases orbiting around that center as it rotates. |
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Term
| What does the gaseous disk orbiting the central mass of a protoplanetary disk become. |
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Definition
1.) it feeds more gases into the central mass as that central mass colapses under gravitation.
2.) it begins to cool and coalesses into small dust grains of rock and ice.
3.) The grains will in time coagulate into planetesmals.
4.) then future coagulation in to planet embryos
5.) then through violent mergers produce a few terrestrial planets.
6.) this last stage can take 100 million to a billion years |
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Term
[image]
At which position is the earth during the rainy season in St. Lucia?
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Definition
D through C to B
June through December |
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Term
[image]
If it is March 17 in Tokyo.
What day is it in Canada?
And in St. Lucia? |
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Definition
March 16 in Canada
The same in St. Lucia |
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Term
[image]
At which position is the earth during the dry season in St. Lucia? |
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Definition
B through A to D
December through to june
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Term
[image]
At which position is the earth during the huricane season in St. Lucia? |
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Definition
D through C to B
June 1st to Nov. 30th
Aug to Oct. is peak |
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Term
[image]
What season of the year does position D represent in the Northern Hemisphere? |
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Definition
summer
summer solstice
June 21 |
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Term
[image]
What season of the year does position B represent in the northern hemisphere? |
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Definition
Winter
winter solstice Dec 21 |
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Term
[image]
When people are getting out of bed in New Brunswick most people in Vancouver would be doing what?
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Definition
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Term
[image]
When most people are getting out of bed in new Brunswick. What would most people in St. Lucia be doing? |
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Definition
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Term
[image]
The prime meridian runs through which majour city? country? |
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Definition
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Term
[image]
What are time zones?
How many are there?
How wide are they? |
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Definition
a region on Earth, more or less bounded by lines of longitude that has a uniform, legally mandatedstandard time, usually referred to as the local time.
there are 24 time zones
each is 15' of longitude
which equals at the equator |
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Term
[image]
Based on this diagram why is it warmer in July and colder in January in the Northern Hemisphere? |
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Definition
The incline of the angle of axis is pointed towards the sun in July. Therefore stronger rays more tightly together warm the surface there.
In January the angle of axis is pointed away from the sun. So the sun's rays are spread over a larger area and so it is colder. |
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Term
[image]
Why is each time zone 15' of longitude wide? |
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Definition
A circle is 360'
every line of latitude is a cicle around the earth.
Divide the equator into 24 equal unites of longitude = each one being 15' |
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Term
Who is Sir Sanford Fleming?
Why is he important to geography? |
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Definition
Scotish Canadian enginer surveyor
head of Canadian Northern Railways
came up with the idea of time zones. |
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