Term
| recurrent depressive episodes with no history of mania |
|
Definition
| Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) |
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Term
| at least one manic episode w/ or w/o history of depression. Patients can suffer from suicidal impulse |
|
Definition
| Bipolar Affective Disorder (BPAD) |
|
|
Term
| less extreme manifestation of depression experienced over 2 years |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| less extreme manifestation of mania that shifts from hypomania to mild depression for at least 2 years |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does SIGECAPS stand for? |
|
Definition
Suicidal Tendencies
Interest Wanes
Guilt
Energy dec
Concentration dec
Appetite change
Psychomotor retardation
Sleep disruption |
|
|
Term
| What does REDDIRT stand for? |
|
Definition
Mania (Euphoria)
Risky Behavior
Enhanced focus on goals
Distractibility
Decreased need for sleep
Inflated self-esteem
Racing thoughts
Talkativeness |
|
|
Term
| Tricyclic Antidepressant Side Effects |
|
Definition
Sedation (antagonism of H1 histamine-R)
Orthostatic Hypotension (alpha 1 vasodilation)
Serotonin Syndrome (tremor, agitation, delirium, rigidity, myoclonus, hyperthermia, seizures, coma)
Anticholinergic Effects- antagonize muscarinic-R. dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, tachycardia
Cardiotoxicity- block Na+ channels, lethal conduction delays |
|
|
Term
| What kind of drug inhibits reuptake of 5-HT and NE? |
|
Definition
| Tricyclic Antidepressants |
|
|
Term
- inhibits 5-HT reuptake
- used for Childhood Enuresis (bed wetting) in children >= 6 y/o
- conduction abnormalities when dose over 2.5 mg/kg/day
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
- blocks NE reuptake
- demethylated metabolite of imipramine
- safety unestablished
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
- blocks 5-HT reuptake
- very sedating
- Polyradiculopathy
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
blocks NE + 5-HT (SNRI)
little sedation and hypotension
metabolite of amitriptyline |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
TCA w/ 80 hr 1/2 life
cumulative effects?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
TCA
Depression w/ Anxiety |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
relieves symptoms of depression
similar to amitriptyline |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
TCA not indicated for treating depression
Highest risk of seizures and male sexual dysfunction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are two uses of Clomipramine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
- Depression w/ Anxiety
- has NE, 5-HT and D2 antagonist activity
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What SE does amoxapine have? |
|
Definition
- Tardive Dyskinesia (presence of involuntary movements)
- Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) - hyperthermia, muscular rigidity, stupor and autonomic dysfunction
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|
Term
| What drug targets mainly 5-HT, has a T1/2 of 50hrs and its metabolite has T1/2 of 10 days? It also has a racemic mixture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| SSRI w/ a racemic mixture |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| S-enantiomer given 1x/day for depression and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| SSRI for OCD that might have 50% higher levels in Elderly due to P450 isozyme inhibition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens when you discontinue Paroxetine? |
|
Definition
| significant N,V, emotional lability, agitation, inc risk of congenital malformations, heart defects |
|
|
Term
| SSRI that interacts with Pimozide which has a low TI? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Class Side Effects to SSRIs |
|
Definition
- BBW- inc suicidality in children and adolescents
- inc risk of Serotonin Syndrome
- inc risk of GI bleeds
- extensive hepatic metabolism
- N,V, headache, sexual dysfunction
- in late pregnancy-> pulmonary HTN in newborn
- in utero infants have abstinence syndrome (high pitched crying, tremors and disturbed sleep)
- hyponatremia in elderly
|
|
|
Term
| What are Maprotiline's MOA and Uses? |
|
Definition
Use: BPAD and Depressive neuroses
MOA- SNRI also blocks alpha 2 adrenergic-R |
|
|
Term
| How is Trazodone dose dependent? |
|
Definition
- low dose - potent 5-HT antagnoist
- high dose- antagonizes Selective Monoamine Transporters (SERT) that move 5-HT into vesicles
|
|
|
Term
| metabolized to m-chlorophenypiperazine (mCPP) and blocks alpha-1-R causing postural hypotension |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the MOA of Mirtazapine? |
|
Definition
- SNRI
- Blcoks alpha-2 autoreceptors
- blocks 5-HT2-R on NE neurons
- blocks alpha-2-herteroreceptors
|
|
|
Term
Used in Tx for ADHD
smoking deterrent
inc risk of Seizures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antidepressant drug inhibits NE and 5-HT equally, has weak DA reuptake inhibition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| metabolite of venlafaxine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antidepressant drugs is used for PAIN associated w/ diabetic neuropathy in addition to 5-HT/NE uptake inhibition? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are MAO-A and B expressed respectively? |
|
Definition
MAO-A - epnephrine, NE, and 5-HT neurons
MAO-B - serotonergic and histaminergic nn. |
|
|
Term
| nonselective MAOI hydrazine w/ liver damage |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nonselective MAOI hydrazine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nonselective MAOI, not a hydrazine, but is reversible |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why shouldn't you give an SSRI w/ nonselective MAOIs? |
|
Definition
| hypertensive crisis due to irreversible binding |
|
|
Term
| Selective MAO-B inhibitor that inc DA levels. Used as a patch for MDD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
used for the manic phase of BPAD
narrow TI
dec IP3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why should one be wary of diuretics with lithium use.? |
|
Definition
| It's ionic radius is less than Na+. Renal resorption of Li+ before Na+ can lead to toxicity. |
|
|
Term
| What drug used for anticonvulsion and BPAD blocks Na+ channels and has risk of SJS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An anticonvulsant and BPAD inhibits v.g. Na+ channels, T-type Ca2+ channels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
anticonvulsant for depressive phase of BPAD
blocks Na+, don't use for under 16 y/o |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anticonvulsant for refractory BPAD, increases GABA concentration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Benzodiazepines are used for depression w/ anxiety? |
|
Definition
Chlordiazepoxide
diazepam
clorazepate
Oxazepam
Lorazepam
Alprazolam
Clonazepam |
|
|
Term
| What anxiolytics bind beta subunits of GABA-A-R to hyperpolarize the n. ? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which Benzodiazepines are preferred for Elderly Patients and why? |
|
Definition
Lorazepam
Oxazepam
Temazepam
do not form active metabolites but directly conjugate to inactive form -> dec drug interactions |
|
|
Term
| What benzodiazepines is particularly useful for panic disorder and whose abrupt withdrawal leads to seizures? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Rx is a metabolite Nordazepam that is useful for panic disorder, social phobia and anxiety accompanying OCD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What antiepileptic Rx is used to treat "atypical" Panic Disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anxiolytic that is a partial agonist at 5-HT autoreceptors w/ moderate inhibition of D2-R? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An anxiolytics that is an antihistamine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What drugs are associated with DA release in Nucleus Accumbens (NAcc) and can lead to addiction? |
|
Definition
ECO-CAN
Ethanol
Cocaine
Opiates
Cannabinoids
Amphetamine
Nicotine |
|
|
Term
| What are the consequences of Cocaine abuse? |
|
Definition
- Tremors,seizures, convulsions
- Respiratory Depression
- CV issues like ventricular arrhythmias, tachycardia, coronary spasms, cardiac ischemia, MI
- Hyperpyrexia- body temp inc
- necrosis of nasa septum
- "Cocaine bugs" altered tactile sensation
- Bowel Ischemia and Gangrene
- Loss of Appetite
- HIV and AIDS
- Bacterial or Viral Endocarditis, Hepatitis and AIDS
|
|
|
Term
| What variable influencing substance dependence affects availability, cost, purity and reinforcing properties? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What variable influencing substance dependence affects genetic influences, innate tolerance?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What variable influencing substance dependence affects social settings and peer pressure?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 3 drugs are used to treat alcoholism and what is their MOA? |
|
Definition
Naltrexone- blocks mu-opioid-R
Acamprosate- blocks NMDA-Glu-R
Disulfiram inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase |
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