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800,000 YO • South china stone artifacts like stone hand axes have been found |
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1.75 My documenting hominids spread out of Africa. Europe |
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• Pit Of Bones oldest known burials. 800,000 -300,000 |
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500,000 earliest human fossil remains in England. |
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400,000 • Well made wooden spears were recovered |
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| Characteristics or signature of how they die |
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| Tools found at many sites in Africa and Europe. Artifacts include hand axes |
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east Africa in Kenya excavated by the leakys, then lin eisic, and Rick Potts |
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Zhoukoudian Lake Turkana 1.6 MY Swartkrans Cave 1MY GBY750 Thousand years ago |
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About 500,000 years old They made spears for hunting for the ability to bring down large animals. thought to be ancestor of neandertals |
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southern England stone tool cut marks people knew how to butcher the animals |
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first to be recognized as an extinct form of human found in 1856 neander valley 200,000 years ago and about 30,000 years ago. the last glaciations of the ice age, known as the Wurm. |
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| Between 70 and 35 thousand years old. |
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Most of the fossils are known from Europe. Spain, France , Belgium Portugal, the rock of Gibraltar, Italy, Germany, Croatia, and the Czech republic. extend to southern Siberia. |
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brains were larger than human brains sloped back forehead. large sinus cavities |
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site in israel help infer uses of mousterian tools |
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Gene discovered in modern humans Controls facial movements that control speech present in Neanderthals |
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A Canadian anthropologist study in the Kalahari desert in s Africa studied people known as the San people He wanted to figure out how the gender roles played out. |
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A cave where they had rituals and buried bones Mousterian tools Neanderthals intentionally buried bear bones |
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| Bear ceremonies were of the people in Japan |
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| in Israel, 92 thousand years ago homo sapiens remains. |
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| Neanderthals remains at about 60 thousand years old |
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Multiregional Out Of Africa 2 Model Mostly out of africa model |
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Milford Wolpoff. Multiregonalism is there is no one point or place where homo sapiens first appeared. They gradually evolved over a very wide area of the world. |
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, known as also the eve theory humans originated in one place in Africa spread out of Africa into Asia and Europe encounters the Neanderthals and they replaced them |
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The group in Africa w/ the greatest variation included the San. This supported that this could be traced back to a woman like eve. Then time was figures and the mutation rate was established. |
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| Argues that homo sapiens involved independently thought the world. |
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75k years old . More than 35k years older than any other Stone Age art. |
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Cave at Florace island Excavations took place here like human remains animal bones stone tools and ashes. They dated by radio carbon, luminescence. |
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Called hobbits because of their small size an early form of humans. Existed earlier then 30 thousand years ago to about 18 thousand years ago |
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Dates are 35-40 Thousand cromanians. |
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Like a chizzel or engraving tool. There is multiple edges on it. Used to engrave in bone and ivory and sometimes wood |
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- Medicine People. Term comes from people in Siberia. They believe they can make direct contact with the spirit world by means of falling into a trans where they experience out of body travel. |
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Capitol of upper Paleolithic archeological research.
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| Spans 35,000 to 27000 years ago. Tools were big scrapers on blades with indentations or notches on them, |
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Made points that were sharp on the edge, They originated about 27-26 thousand years ago. They made the little woman figurines. They didn’t make pots. |
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16-10 thousand Most famous cave painters |
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| THIS IS WHERE CAVE ART WAS FIRST DISCOVERED |
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| 17,000 Years ago in france |
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| cave was 120 feet below the Mediterranean sea at the present time. The sea levels lowered so then the people could get into the cave. 27 thousand ya |
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| Contains oldest known representation cave art dating back to 30 tya |
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Went into caves and plotted locations. He argues art was divided into male and female components. Like males were the strong big animals like bison.
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| - Worked w/ bone tools found in rock shelter sights that had markings and engravings. |
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| South African expert on cave art. He argues art cant be taken literally or as stories but the art is metaphorical, a metaphor of shamans (medicine people) and shamanism. |
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| Other points were found that were larger. They were found underneath Folsom finds, they were associated with bones of mammoth. Dated back to about 11,700 years ago. They were dated by radio carbon dating. |
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| - Discovered by an African American. Found to be an extinct form of bison. A larger kind of bison. A stone projectile point was found in the bones. It became known as a Folsom point. The discovery showed humans have been out west in the western hemisphere when the ice age was still here. The discovery was made before there was knowledge of radio carbon dating. |
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| A sight in Virgina, there is a clovis layer where dates are suggested to be 18,000 years ago. |
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| Rock shelter in eastern Pennsylvania. Where stone blades were found. Dates back to about 12,800 years ago. |
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| oldest was called Clovis points (fluted points), the younger Folsom points which were smaller |
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Early pre Paleo-Indian sight is located in Chili in south America, the deposits were wet and provided unusual preservation • evidence of huts
• stone tools
• plant remains
• mastodon meat
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| born with a disorder that results in a small brain (homo florensis). |
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