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ISS EXAM 2
wednesday exam 2
64
Social Studies
Undergraduate 1
03/12/2012

Additional Social Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Economic systems in the world

CAPITALISM

Definition
individuals own propety, not guarantee for jobs and basic needs, social stratification, produciton for profit not use
Term

Economic Systems in the world

WELFARISM

Definition
basically capitalism but these nations provide for basic needs. Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Netherland. get $ from taxes. (ex: guy had to pay thousands of dollars for speeding ticket in Finland)
Term

Economic systems of the world

SOCIALISM

Definition

means of production are owned by the state

production for use not profit

NO soicial stratification

state is responsible for basic needs

Term

the global economy in transition

PRIMARY SECTOR

Definition

focuses on getting resources. depend heavily on the exploitation and use of natural resources.

every poor country is in this sector

depletion of resources=problem

Saudi Arabia

Term

the global economy in transition

SECONDARY SECTOR

Definition

manufacture, process, and sell the goods to world market. Has to have industrialization. Take the resources and process them.

ex: cotton=clothing. corn=cereal

make more than primary sector.

US was after industrial rev

Term

the global economy in transition

SERVICE SECTOR

Definition

economy cirlces around serving the ppl.

US is now. but we also have a little of every sector.

 

Term

the global economy in transition

QUARTERNARY SECTOR

Definition
state of technology. based on technical knowledge influences by modern technology
Term

theories of international trade

LIBERALISM

Definition

Adam smith

markets evolve themsevesl thro 3 freedoms

international trade leads to cooperation

Term

theories on international trade

ECONOMIC NATIONALISM

 

Definition

Economic activities should focus on building the nation

national security is more important than trade

miliary--to protect the interests of the nation

Term

theories on international trade

MARXISM

Definition

capitalism and exploitation

its self destructive

dependency theory of AG Frank=rich nations depend and exploit poor nations which leads to poor naitons depending on rich to survive

Term

theories on international trade

COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE

Definition

globalization

david ricard0=go to where there is profit.

industrialization and international trade is based on this comparative advantage.

production based on comparative costs.

Term

theories on international trade

THE NEW TRADE THEORY

 

Definition

good economic decision to have imports and exports

trade among rich nations is good and profitable

history and chances was colonialism now is similar but not tied to colonies

 

Term

theories on international trade

STRATEGIC TRADE

Definition

National govts should encourage certain companies

national industrial policies should be present not for other countries just for your nation

Term
hegemony
Definition

economic, political, and military domination to Impose ones will on other regions/nations for its own stability.

colonialism.

new kind of imperialsim

new hegemonies of domination of economies and politics of other nations instead of colonies.

Term

evolution of the world economic systems

IMPERIALISM

Definition
was colonialism. now it is domination thro transnational corps and financial giants. dominate economy
Term

evolution of the world economic systems

THE BRETTON WOODS SYSTEM

Definition

New Hampshire conference after WWII creates

IMF--reconstruct Europe/Japan

World Bank--""

GATT (general agreement on trade and tariff)--rules and regs to control int. trade

WTO--world trade organization (new version of GATT)

Marshall plan--16 nations, to strengthen those nations with money. selfless plan. give money to rebuild poor. Huge Impace of Japan and Germany

soviet union did not participate

 

Term
USA history of economic developement
Definition

discovery of new lang

european immigrants

natural resources

european model of development

WWII

political stability

superior technical skills

nations of inventors

Term
USA Strenghts
Definition

economic indicators=rich

social indicators=0.5%

population large

 life expectancy 78

infant mortality 6.1

huge domestic market

still rich

technical skills

best management skills

computer industry

role of immigrants 

college ed

America in crisis makes changes

Term
USA problems
Definition

new players (super powers competeing BRIC Japan Euro)

capitalist probs=inequality, functional illiteracy, pop. below poverty

economic and military power

decline in and changing role of natural resources

environemtns depleting

new products and new processes used and reproduced better

skills of american workers declined

(also trade imbalance, budget deficit, assets, consumers, infrastructure, declining quality, poor neighboring markets)

Term
Future of the US
Definition
will remain super power but not as powerful as it used to be 
Term
History of Western Europe development
Definition

was a welfare system that worked well but now with the economic fall out the welfare system is hard to sustain

1) UK

2) Germany-#1 in Europe

3) France

4) Rest of Europe

Term
Western Europe Strengths
Definition

economic indicators good

social indicators=natural increase (0.0%) population large, life expectancy (76) infant mortality (6)

still rich

technical skills

infrastructure=quality 

economic and political stability

welfarism

Term
Western Europe Problems
Definition

natural resources deplete

technology lesss productive than super powers

dependency on foreign trade (too much imports)

welfare budget

unions

unemployment (9/10%)

internal conflicts

elitism (house of lords/royalty)

population decline and immigration policies

increasing global competition

Term
Future of Europe
Definition

EEC (European Union)

Euro Dollar

Euro passport

Free trade zone

support of private firms

European commission

parliament

United states of Europe

these were working untilt the economic collapse. now it is difficult to sustain the European Union

Term
Japan Strengths
Definition

Economic indicators

soicial indicators=natural increase (-.01%), life expectance(83) population smaller infant mortality (2.6)

role of US after WWII

role of Japanese govt=committed to reconstruction at that time

licensing and patent agreements (with US allowed them to start USbusinesses in Japan)

low wages

economic and political stability

very disciplined and organized 

significance of family

crime rate

collective good

Term
Japan Problems
Definition

was #2 but now #3 after China

export based economy

stagnant local demand

declining pop

natural resources

shrinking markets

immigration policy

Term
Future of Japan
Definition
will still be strong but remaining 2 or 3 will not stay the same
Term
China Strengths
Definition

Japanese model of development (copiers)

industrialization very rapid

market economy boom

foreign investments (from corps)

huge domestic market

growing middle class

successful pop control policy

cheap labor

science and engineering

Term
China Problems
Definition

large pop mostly in poverty

influence of communist party

state owned business

environmental issues

local market is still poor

increasing inequality 

increasing corruption and other crimes

Term
Chinas Future
Definition
#2 predict it may become #1 or compete for one. It is an economic giant at this time unless something happens
Term
Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore past development and strengths
Definition

japanese model of development

rapid industrializaiton

collective good (Michael Fay in Singapore "crime")

hard work

good in physical sciences

Term
Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore Problems
Definition

new rules by American firms (like Samsong problem)

limited local market

market access shrinking due to self sufficiency

increasing inequality

exploitation of labor

environmental issues

Term
Future for Korea Taiwan Hong Kong, Singapore Future
Definition
wont be super powers. remain mid size economies and realively well off for times to come
Term
Israel
Definition
created by the UK then became a country. conflict with Palestine as a country. Consumed many resources and still is
Term
Arab Countries
Definition

difficult to convince ppl of conlifcts between Israel and Palestine

not all Arab countries are oil industries but still depends on it

extreme inequality

still need industrialization

good welfare system in some of these countries

 

Term
Burma and Bangladesh
Definition
Bangledash split from Pakistan based on religion. mass murder and movement. trying and struggling to recover. problems=lack of resources, population increase, and corruption
Term
Malaysia and Thailand
Definition
similar to Burma and Bangladesh's relationship and histroy
Term
Pakistan, India, and Indonesia
Definition

India splits into 2 countries (pakistand and India) based on relgion.

mass migratio--Hindu's to India, and Muslims to Pakistan

mass murders

India=ruled by socialist parties. nationalists. opened doors to trade later

Compared to Pakistan India is much better and is the largest country of democracy in the world (holds all relgions)

India is much better than the rest of these countries of Middle East 

Term
Africa Problems
Definition

If God Gives you Africa as a gift with one condition being to fix the problems, the smart move would be to say thanks and give it back

economic and political issues 

environmental problems

social issues

internal conflicts

Term

Future of Africa

 

Definition

trying to unify

in the next 20 years like China was the source for Cheap labor then Africa will be the next. starting to already ahppen. may start an industrial revolution if this occurs.

Term
Latin America problems
Definition

political unrest between 3 powers (drug lords, the rebellion, and those in power)

internal conflicts

slow economic growth

bureaucracy paying under the table and is complex/corrupt

technical progress usually slow 

population growth

internaitonal debts

Term
Future of Latin America
Definition
not very poor. has a number of mid size economies. not possible to predict that they could suddenly become a super power but is possible that Brazil and Mexico may become a visible economy in the future.
Term

Former Soviet Block I: Russia

Strengths

Definition

technical skills

industrail base better compared to Africa etc.

Huge Market

educational system

science and engineering

space technology

Term

Former Soviet Block I: Russion

Problems

 

Definition

political unrest

corruption

russian mafia (ex: David Copperfield)

economic growth is slow

Term

Former Soviet Block I: Russia

Future

Definition
not poor and may still become an economic super power. one of the BRIC nations (Brazil, Russia, India, and China)
Term

Former Soviet Block II: Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech, Hungary, Moldova etc.

Strengths

Definition

industrial base

market economy

technical skills

education

Term

Former soviet block II: bulgaria, croatia, czech etc.

problems

Definition

political unrest

corruption

traditional technology

declining population

societies in transition

Term

former soviet block II: Bulgaria, croatia, czech etc.

future

Definition
Much better future than Asian, Latin, or African countries
Term
POET Model
Definition

Duncan

1) population--too much or too little is not good. must be balanced

2) organization--too much or too little is not good. balance

3) environment--overuse or underuse is not good. balance but can use if you have them

4) technology--over use or under use is not good. use it in balance

Term

3 population variables

FERTILITY

Definition

actual birth performance as compared with fecundity (which is the physiological capacity to reproduce)

 

Term

3 population variables

MORTALITY

 

Definition
death is permanent disappearance of all evidence of life in any time after birth has taken place it excludes abortion, still births, and miscarriages.
Term

3 population variables

MIGRATION

Definition

Permanent spatial mobility between clearly defined two geographic units. move from one place to another.

internal migration

international migration

 

Term
population formula
Definition

total population(P)=Fertility (F) +/- Mortality (M) +/- Migration (Mig)

 

P=F+/-M+/-Mig

Term
Three effects of population in relation to fertility, mortality and migration
Definition

population growth

populatio composition

population distribution

Term
Malthusian Theory of population
Definition

survival of the fittest

population doubles when unchecked

subsistence increase arithmatically

an uncheck population will double in 25 yrs

Term
Malthusian theory and the two checks on population
Definition

postive checks=hunger, disease, natural disasters, (natural causes)

negative checks=late marriages, abstinence, etc. (man made)

 

Term
Criticism of Malthusian theory
Definition

the ratios of growth were unrealistic--didnt realize the power of population checks

did not forsee the impact of industrialization on fertility

Term
Demographic transition theory on population
Definition

3 different types of societies

1) traditional societies: high fertility and high mortality=population stays the same 

2) societies in transition: high fertility and low mortality=population explosion or major change

3) industrialized and urban societies: low fertility and low mortality=population stays the same

Term
Wealth Flow theory and population
Definition

Caldwell

fertiliy depends on the social reasons for having kids, both material and non material

1) fertility is high in societies where the intergenerational wealth flow (material and non material) is from children to parents

2) a more reversal of this flow eliminates the demand for more children.

Term
Top and bottom rates for life expectancy
Definition

Top=Iceland 81.5 (discussion=Japan)

Bottom=Sierra Leone (41.8)

 

Term

bottom adult illiteracy

 

Definition
Burkina Faso
Term
Top and Bottom School Enrollment
Definition

top-Australia

bottom-Niger

Term
Highest GDP per capita
Definition
Luxembourg
Term
lowest adult literacy rate for women
Definition
Chad
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