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| "The Feast of Sacrifice"; most important religious holiday in Islam. Begins the day after Hajj. Faithful sacrifice animal to commemorate Abraham's willingness to sacrifice Ishmael. |
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| "The Feast of Breaking the Fast"; major religious holiday observed at the end of Ramadan, the month of fasting. |
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| "Blessing power" which comes from God into creation for the benefit of human beings. |
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| Successors of Muhammad to leadership of Muslim community but are not prophets. |
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| Faith, prayer, fasting, almsgiving, pilgrimage to Mecca. |
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| Saying or action of Muhammad. |
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| Pilgrimage to Mecca, which is to be made once in a person's lifetime. |
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| Muhammad's emigration from Mecca to Medina. |
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Definition
Sunni: leader of salat prayer.
Shi'ite: umma's divinely guided leader. |
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| "Submission" or "surrender" to God. Used in Qur'an to describe true monotheistic worship; commonly used as name of religion practiced by Muslims. |
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| "Striving" to serve God and umma; armed struggle against aggression (holy war). |
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| Black-draped cubicle in Mecca containing black stone; 1st built by Abraham. |
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| Messiah who will appear at end of history to prepare world for final judgment. |
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| Most sacred place of Islam, birthplace of Muhammad, place of Ka'aba. |
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| "City of the prophet"; 2nd holiest city, Muhammad fled to and was buried in Medina. |
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| Mosque tower from which call to prayer is given. |
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Definition
| Individual who gives the call to prayer. |
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Definition
| Person who practices Islam, "one who submits to God." |
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| "Recitation"; holy book; will of Allah given to Muhammad through angel Gabriel. |
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| Month in which Muhammad received call and Muslims fast during daylight hours. |
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| Ritual prayer said 5 times/day: physical movements turn heart and mind toward God. |
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| Fasting which brings individual spirituality and communal well-being. |
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| Confession of faith: "There is no god but God, and Muhammad is His Messenger." First five pillars of faith. |
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| The all-inclusive legal code of Islam. |
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Definition
| Muslims who believe that leadership of the community should have been hereditary. |
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| Heresy of believing in more than one deity. |
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| Branch that emphasizes internal spiritual experience rather than external ritual forms; seeks mystical union with God. |
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| Behavior/tradition of Muhammad. |
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| Majority sect of Islam; consensual leadership. |
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| Doctrine of uncompromised unity of God: "There is no god but Allah." |
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| Religious scholars or clergy who are authorized to interpret the law. |
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| Worldwide community of Muslims. |
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| 2.5% of one's wealth to support the umma (almsgiving). |
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