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| "Doctrine of Oneness" - the idea of monotheism as stated in Islam |
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| Means Submission to God's will |
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| Literally means "Struggle." Could be either a struggle between 2 groups (religious warfare) or the struggle to maintain a holy life, day to day. |
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| Every action committed on Earth is subject to judgment by God. |
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| Muhammad receives his first revelation |
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| Islam as a system vs. a religion |
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| Islam manifests itself as an entire system and set of rules by which one lives his life. It is not a passive religion only practiced on holy days. |
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| Originally came about over the debate of Mohammad's successor. Sunni Muslims favoured Abu Bakr to be Mohammad's successor, and Shiites believed it should be Ali. Through several murders of caliphates and fighting and arguments over the issues of how caliphates are chosen, the Sunni and Shiites eventually split. |
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| Shahadah, Salah, Zakat, Sawn (during Ramadan), and Hajj. |
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| Muslim profession of faith, stating that there is one God, and no god but God, and Mohammad is God's messenger. |
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| The requirement to pray five times daily, facing the Kaaba in Mecca. "Salat" is the singular form of "Salah" |
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| Alms-giving, or charity for the poor. |
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| Fasting. Sawm during Ramadan is obligatory. |
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| The pilgrimage to Mecca made during the month of Dhu al-Hijjah. It is obligatory to make this pilgrimage at least once in your lifetime. |
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| "Sunni" comes from "Sunnah" meaning "words and actions" or "traditions." Sunni Muslims are open to reasoning and practicality, very liberal in their practice of Islam, have no clear divisions as seen in Shiite Islam, and elect caliphates based on who would be the best leader for the community. The caliph does not make religious interpretations, because he is not a religious leader in the Sunni community. Religious scholars may make interpretations, but the caliph is a political figure. |
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| "Shi'a" means "follower" or "faction." Originally, Shiites were followers of Ali, a cousin of Mohammad. They believe religious leaders are guided by the previous imam, and that imams and those related to Mohammad have spiritual and political power in the community. They are sometimes criticized for their almost-worship of Mohammad's family line and the 12 imams. Succession is hereditary in the line of Mohammad, and they believe the 12 imams have complete authority, appointed by God. The caliph *does* make religious interpretations. |
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| A.k.a. the battle at Karbala and the martyrdom of Husayn. |
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| The body of Islamic law that addresses all aspects of life.There is no part of everyday life that is not addressed in the Quran and/or Sharia. |
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