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successor to Muhammad as leader of Muslims; not a new prophet. |
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the customary practices of Muhammad in life, recorded and organized. Used as a guide to behavior.
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the holy scripture of Islam, written by God.
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| The religious/political leader in Shi'ah Muslim communities |
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| Community of believers. In Al-Medina there was no king, so one was loyal to the community |
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| Messiah, "awaited one". The last imam, who would return and rule. |
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| Islamic mysticism; focusing on the inner life. |
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| sect of Islam, which comprises the majority of Muslims today. Pragmatic group, which believes in rule by consensus. Imams serve as leaders of prayer, but are not infallible leaders. |
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| Minority in Muslim world. Believes that God provides human beings special guides and rulers, called Imams, who must be decended from the Prophet and are infallible. |
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| Extremist group that seceded from mainline Islam after the end of the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs. Believe in sinless leaders only; also believe that pious believers are duty-bound to declare others 'non-believers' and fight them. |
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| Scholars who created the schools of legal thought concerning Islamic law. |
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| Legal opinion or interpretation, rendered by experts |
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