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Details

IS7000-3
Covering IS5070
85
Computer Science
Graduate
04/19/2009

Additional Computer Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What type of directory structure cannot have more than one parent
Definition
Heirarchical
Term
What type of directory structure can use aliasing
Definition
Asyclic
Term
What type of directory structure can share directories
Definition
Asyclic
Term
In what type of directory structure is the hard link the same as the original pointer
Definition
Asyclic
Term
What type of directory structure is also called a tree structure
Definition
Heirarchical
Term
What type of memory does not need to be periodically refreshed
Definition
Static RAM
Term
What type of memory exhibits data remanence but is still volitile and data can be lost if power is turned off
Definition
Static RAM
Term
SRAM has three states, what are they
Definition
Standby, Reading, Writing
Term
What type of memory typically contains one transistor and one capacitor per data bit
Definition
DRAM
Term
What type of memory requires a periodic refresh
Definition
DRAM
Term
Which is volatile, SRAM or DRAM
Definition
Both
Term
What type of memory is read-only and can be erased by ultraviolet light and reprogrammed
Definition
EPROM
Term
What type of memory is read-only and can be erased by electrical signals and reprogrammed
Definition
EEPROM
Term
What type of memory is Flash memory
Definition
EEPROM
Term
Gates - HIGH output results if one and only one of the inputs is HIGH
Definition
XOR
Term
Gates - HIGH output results if one or both inputs are HIGH
Definition
OR
Term
Gates - HIGH output results if both inputs are HIGH
Definition
AND
Term
Gates - HIGH output results if both inputs are not HIGH
Definition
NAND
Term
Gates - HIGH output results if both the inputs are LOW
Definition
NOR
Term
Gates - HIGH output results if both inputs are the same
Definition
XOR
Term
Gates - Resulting output opposite the input (also called inverter)
Definition
NOT
Term
What state is the processor in if it is waiting for access to the CPU
Definition
Ready
Term
What state is the processor in if the thread has control of the CPU
Definition
Running
Term
What state is the processor in if the thread is suspended while an interrupt is being processed
Definition
Blocked
Term
When does the running state end
Definition
When the tread or its parent process terminates unexpectedly or an interrupt occurs
Term
Which RAID level is considered Striped only
Definition
RAID 0
Term
What does RAID stand for
Definition
Redundant Array of Inexpensive (or Independent) disks
Term
In this RAID configuration, if one drive is lost, all data is lost
Definition
RAID 0
Term
Which RAID level has the best input/output performance
Definition
RAID 0
Term
Which RAID level is considered mirrored only
Definition
RAID 1
Term
In which RAID configuration is the data duplicated across every drive in the array providing full redundancy
Definition
RAID 1
Term
In which RAID configuration does the capacity of the array = the capacity of the smallest drive in the array
Definition
RAID 1
Term
Which RAID level is considered Striped with Parity
Definition
RAID 5
Term
Which RAID level combines 3 or more disks in a way that protects agains the loss of any one disk
Definition
RAID 5
Term
In which RAID configuration is the capacity of the array reduced by one disk
Definition
RAID 5
Term
Which RAID level is considered Striped and Mirrored
Definition
RAID 10
Term
On a disk, what is one concentric circle
Definition
Track
Term
On a disk, what is a set of matched tracks
Definition
Cylinder
Term
On a disk, this is a wedge shaped piece of the disk and can span multiple tracks
Definition
Disk Sector
Term
On a disk, this is the intersection of a track and a sector
Definition
Track Sector
Term
On a disk, this is a set of track sectors
Definition
Cluster
Term
Disk Scheduling Algorithms - Operations performed in the order requested - no reordering of work queues. No starvation - every request is serviced
Definition
FCFS - First Come, First Served
Term
Disk Scheduling Algorithms - After a request, go to the closest request in the work queue, regardless of direction. Starvation is possible
Definition
SSTF - Shortest Seek Time First
Term
Disk Scheduling Algorithms - Go from the outside to the inside servicing requests and then back from the inside to the outside. Repeat
Definition
SCAN
Term
Disk Scheduling Algorithsm - Like SCAN, but stops moving inwards or outwards when no more requests in that direction exists
Definition
LOOK
Term
Disk Scheduling Algorithims - Moves inwards servicing requests until it reaches the innermost cylinder, then jumps to the outside cylinder
Definition
C-SCAN (Circular SCAN)
Term
Disk Scheduling Algorithms - Moves inward servicing requests until there are no more requests in that direction, then jumps to the outermost outstanding request
Definition
C-LOOK
Term
Used for choosing a free block to satisfy an allocation request
Definition
Memory allocation policy
Term
The allocation policy that always allocates from the smallest suitable free block. Suitable allocation mechanisms include sequential fit searching for a perfect fit, first fit on a size-ordered free block chain, segregated fits and indexed fits.
Definition
Best fit
Term
The allocation policy that always allocates the largest free block
Definition
Worst fit
Term
The allocation policy that searches the free list from the beginning and uses the first free block large enough to satisfy the request
Definition
First fit
Term
The allocation policy that always uses the most-recently freed suitable free block.
Definition
LIFO Ordered First Fit
Term
The allocation policy that always uses the least-frequently freed suitable free block
Definition
FIFO Ordered first fit
Term
Type of file access method based on the tape model of a file - it is the most common mode of access of files
Definition
Sequential Access
Term
Type of file access method based on a disk model of a file - File is viewed as a numbered sequence of blocks or records
Definition
Direct Access
Term
Small internal storage locations that hold a single instruction or data item in flip flops
Definition
Register
Term
Type of register that stores the result of the last processing step of the ALU
Definition
Accumulator Register
Term
Type of register that holds the instruction while it is being executed
Definition
Instruction Register
Term
Type of register used for addressing a memory location in the code segment of the memory, where the executable program is stored
Definition
Code Segment Register
Term
Type of register used to hold the address of the next instruction to be executed.
Definition
Program Counter Register
Term
Type of register that holds the location of the next piece of data
Definition
Address Register
Term
Type of register that holds the information on its way to and from the main memory
Definition
Storage Register
Term
Type of register that communicates with I/O devices
Definition
Input / Output Register
Term
Type of register that points to the data segment of the memory where the data resides
Definition
Data Segment Register
Term
Type of register that is used for addressing stack segment of memory - the memory used to store stack data
Definition
Stack Segment Register
Term
A flaw in a system or process whereby the output and/or result of the process is unexpectedly and critically dependent on the sequence of timing of other events.
Definition
Race Condition
Term
Flat circular platters with metallic coatings that are rotated beneath read/write heads
Definition
Magnetic Disk
Term
Files and subdirectories can be contained within multiple directories
Definition
Graph Directory Structure
Term
Type of file system where all files share the same namespace
Definition
File System Directory Structure
Term
Type of memory utilizing flip-flops where the circuit remembers its last position
Definition
Static RAM
Term
A unit of executing software that is managed independently by the operating system
Definition
Process
Term
This can request and receive hardware resources and operating system services
Definition
Process
Term
Keeps track of each process by creating and updating a data structure
Definition
Process Control Block (PCB)
Term
A portion of a process that can be scheduled and executed independently
Definition
Thread
Term
This can execute concurrently on a single processor or simultaneously on multiple processors
Definition
Thread
Term
This is also known as concurrent execution or interleaved execution
Definition
CPU Sharing
Term
A blocked thread is waiting for an event to occur
Definition
Interrupt processing
Term
This type of processor scheduling always dispatches the ready thread that has been waiting the longest
Definition
Priority Based: First come, First served
Term
This type of processor scheduling uses a set of priority levels and assigns a level to each process or thread
Definition
Priority Based: Explicit Priority
Term
This type of processor scheduling chooses the next process to be dispatches based on the expected amount of CPU time needed to complete the process
Definition
Priority Based: Shortest time remaining
Term
This type of processor scheduling guarantees a minimum amount of CPU time to a thread if the thread makes an explicit request when it is created
Definition
Real-Time Scheduling
Term
On the CPU, this contains electrical circuits that implement each instruction
Definition
Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
Term
On the CPU, this controls movement of data to and from CPU registers and other hardware components
Definition
Control Unit
Term
On the CPU, this accesses program instructions and issues appropriate commands to the ALU
Definition
Control Unit
Term
This is the primary pathway for data transmission among hardware components
Definition
System bus
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