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1) standing army
2) centralized bureaucracy
3) "Raison d'eteat": state interests
4) Diplomacy
economic doctrine that control of foreign trade is important to prosperity/military security of state |
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Established sovereignty over empire (Rome, Spain, etc.)
1) Consolidates principle of sovereignty (exclusive internal jurisdiction)
2) Beginnings of international society |
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Independent authority over an area.
Peace of Westphalia codified:
1) territorial integrity
2) border inviolability
3) supremacy of the state
4) supreme lawmaking authority |
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| Colonialism and decolonization |
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| Community of people who share a common language, culture, ethnicity, descent, or history. In this definition, a nation has no physical borders |
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| Organized political community living under a government |
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| State that self-identifies as deriving its political legitimacy from serving as a sovereign entity for a nation as a sovereign territorial unit |
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| Process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture |
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"National interests" shaped by:
- competing domestic groups
- national institutions |
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| "Is there such thing as a purely defensive weapon?" |
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| Public goods and free riding |
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| Power (+role in bargaining) |
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| Collective action problems |
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| Actors tempted not to contribute to common good (AKA prisoner's dilemma) |
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| Bargaining under threat of war (AKA crisis bargaining |
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| Bargaining: indivisible goods, future power |
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| Bargaining can fail when disputed good is hard to divide |
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| Bargaining range (+ graphs) |
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Definition
shaped by
1) probably outcome of war
2) costs/benefits? |
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Require (3 C's):
1) Clarity
2) Capability
3) Commitment |
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| Practice of pushing dangerous events to the verge of—or to the brink of—disaster in order to achieve the most advantageous outcome |
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| When negotiating on the international stage with other states, a statesman could claim that his "hands are tied" due to domestic constraints |
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| Backing down after making threat |
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| Threatening force to induce another state not to change status quo |
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| Preventive and preemptive wars |
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| Particularism (particularistic wars) |
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| Exclusive adherence to, dedication to, or interest in one's own group, party, sect, or nation |
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| Foreign policy making actors: political leaders, bureaucracies, interest groups, and the public |
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| increased short-run popular support of the President of the United States during periods of international crisis or war |
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| War instigated by a country's leader in order to distract its population from their own domestic strife |
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| Military-industrial complex |
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| policy and monetary relationships between legislators, national armed forces, and the defense industrial base that supports them |
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| D. institutions easier to overcome information problems |
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| Alliances, the costs of war, and credibility |
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United Nations: collective security,
peacekeeping, and peace enforcement |
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| psychological phenomenon that occurs within groups of people, in which the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives |
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| motivational theory looking at how the average person constructs the meaning of an event based on his /her motives to find a cause and his/her knowledge of the environment |
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