Term
Name the chronic inflammatory diseases
What are systemic disorder |
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Definition
1. Tuberculosis
2. Ulcer
3. COPD
4. abcesses
5. cancer
Systemic disorders are fever and sepsis. |
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Term
| What bacteria and virus activate to alert body to danger? |
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Definition
| Toll-like receptors (TLRs) |
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Term
| What are the types of the cell walls? |
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Definition
There are three types of cell walls.
1. Gram negative
2. Gram positive
3. Mycobacteria |
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Term
| Which organ makes all the pro-coagulation factors? What is true about these factors? |
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Definition
| Liver makes all the co-agulation factors. These are proteolytic enzymes and self cleave themselves. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is an important transcription factor involved in inflammatory response. |
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Term
| How platelets work and what activated platelets secrete? |
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Definition
| Platelets are flat and after collagen of the damaged cell is exposed, the adapt different shapes and form platelet plug. The platelets secrete ADP. |
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Term
| Describe the factors that make clotting stronger? |
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Definition
| Fibrin makes dimer and multimers which covalently bond to make a clott by combining with platelet plug. |
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Term
| What is first step in blood clotting? |
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Definition
| The blood flow alters. The blood flow need to accumulate at the site of inflammation. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How the white cells move and stick? |
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Definition
| the cells move along the endothelial and squeeze through a gap to get to the inflammation. The cells undergoes adhesion and migration. Have different adhesion proteins which work different from cell to cell. |
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Term
| What is opsonin? What are two types of opsinon? |
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Definition
Opsonin are protein which coat bacteria which white blood cells recognize and eat the em.
the two types are opsonin are
1. Fc Fragment of immunoglobulin (IgG)
2. Complimentary Protein C3b |
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Term
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Definition
| It forms oxygen radical, it converts oxygen to superoxide, peroxide and radical oxide. |
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Term
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Definition
phagocytosis of bacteria
Formation of clotting factor, growth factor
Produce inflammatory mediators
initiation of immune response
induction of common factors i.e fever
clean up operation (scavenging) |
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Term
| what are types of mediators of inflammation |
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Definition
| Cellular and blood bourne mediators |
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Term
| What are cellular mediators |
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Definition
| These are preformed mediators including histamin, and seratonin. |
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Term
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Definition
newly formed mediators
Comprise of PGs, leukotrienes, and thromboxane
derived from neutrophils and macrophages |
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Term
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Definition
| Mostly glycoprotein or polypeptides and attribute to altered gene expression in target cells. |
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Term
| Explain JAK/STAT mechanism |
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Definition
| JAK is protein which undergoes phosphorylation. JAK kinase autophosphrylate each other. Similar to EGF. STAT protein recognize JAK proteins and phosphorylates them. Intercellular signaling for cytokines. |
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