Term
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Definition
| cells with collar around flagellum |
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Term
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Definition
| water exits the spongocoel |
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Term
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Definition
| outer covering, 1 cell thick |
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Term
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Definition
| sometimes replaces pinacoderm, acellular collagenous |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 cell thick, inner surfaces of atrium and canals |
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Term
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Definition
| gelatinous, non-living, contains mobile cells, skeletal elements of spicules and collagen |
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Term
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Definition
| simplest construction, body is thin-walled, unfolded pinacoderm and choanoderm |
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Term
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Definition
| outer and inner surfaces fold to form thicker walls and longer canals, greater surface area |
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Term
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Definition
| passageways are subdivided into canals and chambers, multiple canals rather than single atrium, thick mesohyal, most common type |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 flagellum surrounded by a collar of mucus covered microvilli, make up choanoderm, create water flow to trap and consume food |
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Term
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Definition
| circular tube to form pores in pinacoderm, can constrict, thin-walled and simple |
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Term
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Definition
| flattened epithelial like cells but lack basement membrane, overlap, line outer surface but also some parts of canals |
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Term
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Definition
| mobile, amoebo like with psuedopods, in mesohyal, totipotent |
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Term
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Definition
| give rise to all cell types |
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Term
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Definition
| phagocytosis, digest food from choanocytes, food storage, protect by forming gemmules resisting freezing and drying |
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Term
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Definition
| secrete intercellular spongin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| CaCO3 or SiO2, vary in structure |
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Term
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Definition
| fusiform, spindle cigar shaped, contractile, arranged in rings around ostia and canals |
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Term
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Definition
| can move sponge up to 4mm per day, can temporarily leave |
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Term
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Definition
| protists, bacteria, algae, organis detritus or matter dissolved |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| clusters of archaeocytes protect from freezing and drying out |
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Term
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Definition
| lecithotrophic, indirect reproduction, flagellated cells turned inside out, larvae settle and flagella move inward and new ones form |
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Term
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Definition
| all other animals besides sponges and placozoans belong here, complex muscle stimulation, digestive cavity, 2-3 layers of tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| wrap around prey, adhere to prey, piercing prey, injecting venom to prey |
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Term
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Definition
| discharge is stimulated by mechanical stimulation of cilium, chemical cues, nervous system control |
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Term
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Definition
| solitary and free-swimming, less diverse in structure than polyps, bell-shaped with downward facing oral surface, quadriradial symmetry |
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Term
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Definition
| tubular extension of mouth |
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Term
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Definition
| small, up to 1m, radial/quadriradial/biradial symmetry, sessile, solitary or colonial |
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Term
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Definition
| asexual budding, each member a zooid, branching, modular construction, large colonies |
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Term
| monomorphic or polymorphic |
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Definition
| single polyp, multiple types of polyps |
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Term
| gastrozooid, gonozooid, dactylozooid |
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Definition
| feeding with tentacles, reproductive producing gonopores, defensive polyps with venom and food capture |
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Term
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Definition
| contracting extensions of cells beneath cell layer anchored in mesoglea |
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Term
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Definition
| longitudinal-retractors, circular-extend column and tentacles |
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Term
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Definition
| ring around margins of bell, pulsing movement, radial muscles open bell |
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Term
|
Definition
| in medusae bud, nonpolar, impulses in either direction |
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Term
|
Definition
| part of rhopalia, extend from cell surface mechano and chemo receptors |
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Term
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Definition
| disks of light sensitive cells |
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Term
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Definition
| gravitational field, helps maintain posture by inhibiting nearby muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| actual eyes with cornea lens and retina, box jellies, maybe bioluminescent, venom, prey on fish |
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Term
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Definition
| may lack polyp or medusa stage, all anthozoans |
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Term
| phylum cnidaria, class myxozoa |
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Definition
| parasitic on fish/annelids |
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Term
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Definition
| extrude polar filaments, derived from cnidae |
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Term
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Definition
| hermaphroditic, broadcast spawning, self-fertilization, 8 comb rows, digestive tract, nerve net system |
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Term
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Definition
| unique to ctenophores, comb jellies and sea grapes |
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Term
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Definition
| tentacles that release adhesive that sticks prey to tentacles |
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Term
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Definition
| lacks cavity, incomplete digestive tract, lack respiratory, open circulatory, acoelomate |
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Term
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Definition
| osmoregulation, release of wastes |
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Term
| platyhelminthes nervous system |
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Definition
| 2 ventral nerve cords, anterior brain, unidirectional nerves, ocelli and chemosensory structures |
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Term
| platyhelminthes reproduction |
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Definition
| hermaphrodites, self-fertilizing, sperm transferred both ways during mating |
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Term
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Definition
| pedal waves using cilia, looping, waves of muscular contractions |
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Term
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Definition
| infect intermediate host, snails |
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Term
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Definition
| intermediate or definite host, usually a vertebrate infected, reproduces sexually in definite host |
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Term
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Definition
| external parasties, posterier buccal sucker |
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Term
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Definition
| containing hooks and suckers |
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Term
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Definition
| asexual stage called nematogen within host, sexual stage called rhombogen, larvae released in water |
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Term
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Definition
| give rise asexually to immature vermiform organisms that free themselves |
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Term
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Definition
| develop into rhombogens, give rise to infusorigens |
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Term
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Definition
| eggs and sperm, intracellular hermaphroditic gonad, fertilize peripheral ova by self-fertilization |
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Term
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Definition
| internal parasites, marine, sexual, ciliated, dioecious |
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Term
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Definition
| free swimming to find mate, eggs develop into larvae, seek new host, form plasmodial stage |
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Term
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Definition
| single celled colonial animal like heterotrophs |
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Term
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Definition
| algae, fungus, protozoans |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| new migratory and original stationary pronuclei fuse to form diploid synkaryon |
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Term
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Definition
| radiolarians, sponges, cnidarians |
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Term
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Definition
| anterior end that enables them to attach to and enter host cell |
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Term
| diversity least to greatest |
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Definition
| dinoflagellata, apicomplexa, ciliophora, cnidaria |
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Term
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Definition
| infect humans, spreads through cat feces, apicomplexa |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| giardia phylum diplomonadida |
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Definition
| common parasite intestinal, water sources contaminated |
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Term
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Definition
| sessile, solitary or colonial, thin collar circling flagella |
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Term
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Definition
| spherical hollow colony forming a feeding chamber like gastrulation, vs. flattened two layered bilateral bottom dwelling creature absorbing nutrients through ventral layer, forms invagination |
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Term
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Definition
| positions in stratigraphic sequence determines relative age |
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Term
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Definition
| uses radioactive dating with radioactive decay from isotopes to determin absolute age of rocks |
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Term
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Definition
| proterozioc era soft bodied without shells and smaller, sponge spicules and worm jaws |
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Term
| 2 geological events of ediacaran period to rise animals |
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Definition
| increase O2 and end of ice age, cryogenian period |
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Term
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Definition
| charnia, most common forms that didnt survive |
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Term
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Definition
| hard parts, shells, spines, exoskeletons arose, modern animal phyla existed now |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what caused the cambrian explosion |
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Definition
| increase O2, new predator prey interactions, origin of hox genes |
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Term
| invertebrate evolution in ORDER from long ago to least long ago |
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Definition
| ancient corals, land animals, winged insects, modern corals, first insect flower |
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Term
| FOUR distinguishing characteristics of cnidarians |
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Definition
| mouth and anus combined, diploblastic, polyp and medusa, digestive cavity |
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