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Intrusive Volcanism
Chapter 8
28
Science
8th Grade
02/15/2015

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Term
intrusion
Definition
the process of injecting a different kind of rock type into the existing rocks
Term
sills
Definition
horizontal, shelf-like igneous formations
Term
Sills did this during latter stages of Flood
Definition
reduced the rate of erosion of underlying sedimentary rocks
Term
How intrusive volcanism occurs
Definition
Magma works way into cracks and spaces inside crust near vents
Term
sills do this once exposed
Definition
act as a cap to protect against erosion
Term
dikes
Definition
vertical, solidified remnants of volcanoes, across strata
Term
size of sills and dikes
Definition
few centimeters to many meters - relatively small
Term
most important intrusive igneous features
Definition
plutons
Term
plutons
Definition
intrusive structure - magma collected and cooled in huge chambers
Term
batholiths
Definition
largest plutons - borad and lumpy - over 40 square miles
Term
laccoliths
Definition
smaller plutons, dome shaped
Term
place laccoliths formed
Definition
top of dikes
Term
stocks
Definition
very small - less than a square km - vertical. May have supplied vents in the past
Term
geothermal gradient
Definition
rate of temperature change with depth
Term
reason geothermal gradient exists
Definition
earth's core is hotter than the surface - increases as you go deeper
Term
Secular view of heat source (geothermal gradient)
Definition
leftover from earth's formation
Collisions of planetesimals
radioactive decay
Term
Young-earth view - source of heat (geothermal gradient)
Definition
Part of God's plan
Radioactive decay could contribute
Term
hydrothermal circuit
Definition
continuous flow of water - driven by gravity
Term
how heated groundwater can work its way to surface
Definition
works way through cracks or pores - cool water sinks downward
Term
hot springs
Definition
heated water rises as a liquid - contains dissolved minerals
Term
terraces
Definition
stepped rock formations - minerals settle out when water cools
Term
mud pots
Definition
hot springs with thick deposits of tephra
Term
geyser
Definition
water rises to surface as steam - ejects water at regular intervals - Old Faithful
Term
determines when a geyser erupts
Definition
temperature and pressure
Term
geyserite
Definition
a mineral chemically similar to quartz - deposit near geyser's vent
Term
geothermal energy
Definition
heat produced by magma intrusions
Term
Uses of geothermal energy
Definition
electricity, heating homes, fish farms, greenhouses, etc.
Term
geothermal power
Definition
rising steam turns turbines - generate electricity. 87% of Iceland homes
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