a family unit that consists of mother, father, and children: husband as breadwinner, wife as homemaker working less than full time outside the home, offspring living in the home

(the traditional definition)

a family group consisting of parents, children, & other close relations

- group of relatives up to 3 or 4 generations

(the global definition of family)

connection by blood, marriage, or adoption - relationship by nature or character (created family,

e.g. their biological family didn't work out)

the family is defined as a group of persons united by ties of marriage, blood or adoption; constituting a household; interacting and communicating with each other in their respective social roles of husband, wife, mother, father, son and daughter, brother and sister; creating and maintaining a common culture    

- A family is what it is & who's in it

family is a natural social system with properties all its own; one that has sets of rules, roles and power structure; forms of communication and ways of regulation and problem solving that allows various tasks to be performed effectively 

- A family is what it does & how it does it

effort to achieve child welfare goal of placing chidlren in the most stable & safe living situation

- the goal of either quickly returning the child to a safe home or placing the child for adoption in a safe home

activities designed to help families alleviate crises that might lead to out-of-home placement of children, maintain the safety of children in their own homes, support families preparing to reunify or adopt, & assist families in obtaining services & other supports necessary to address their multiple needs in a culturally sensitive manner

- activities that alleviate crises that might lead to an out-of-home placement of children; services mostly performed within the home

 a loosely-formed network of federal & state mandates that promote the welfare of all children & facilitate permanency by providing services to prevent the unnecessary separation of children from their families, to restore children to their families if they've been separated, & to place children in adoptive homes when reunification isn't possible

- a network of federal & state mandates that promote the welfare of all children

- includes child protection, foster care, & adoption

prejudice against people based solely on their age

- generally assoicated w/ older people (but there's a succinct bias of youth) --> sense of being shut out of some things

a universal, federally funded, compulsory health insurance program for people who're older that covers basic health services (provides health insurance to people who're eligible for social security, as well as for some in certain categories of medical need)

- doesn't cover nursing home care costs over 100 days

- doesn't cover prescription drugs

a federal law passed in 2010 to increase health insurance coverage for millions of uninsured people & improve healthcare

- all Americans are required to purchase a private health care plan, get an exemption, pay a penalty, or pay a fine of 1-2% of their taxable income or a set amount

- designed so that Americans who couldn't afford health insurance would most likely either qualify for Medicare, Medicaid, CHIP, or get assistance in the form of tax credits or assistance w/ up-front costs through their state's health insurance exchanges

*problems w/ enrollment, lack of understanding of the law, & infringement of personal liberties have all plagued this plan

*the plan will only work if health, young individuals either left their current plans or joined the exhanges in order to offset costs of those who would utilize health care more highly

maltreatment of people who're older

- primarily by family (children) & caretakers

stealing, witholding, or mismanaging the resources of an older person

- preying upon the elderly w/ scams in order to profit from them

Adult Foster Care (AFC)

Adult Care Homes (ACH)

Assisted Living (AL)

(universal health care)

a proposal by a task force of the Clinton administration under which everyone would be covered by insurance, regardless of preexisting conditions & employment status

- an alternative health plan to gov't support

(single-payer plan)

health care being financed by the federal gov't through payroll & personal taxes and administered by the state gov'ts

- economic distinctions are elminated & everyone receives the same quality and quantity of care regardless of ability to pay

- advocated for by the task force of the Clinton administration

- an alternative health plan to gov't support

(sickness (illness) model)

the approach doctors have traditionally used: the sickness is located in teh patient & the physician or licensed expert has the authority to heal or cure it

*designed to elicit disabilities, distress, dysfunction, & dependency --> strengths, successes, & effective coping strategies aren't solicited or taken into account

*there's littel connection between the patient & the patient's environment 

- its the doctor's responsibility to get you well

(preventitive model)

view that authority & responsibility for health rests w/ each individual; emphasizes prevention

--> there will be as much focus on psychological disorders resulting from lifestyle, environment, substance abuse, & stress as there is on the treatment of physical diseases

- its' your responsibility to get yourself well

a health insurance plan in which the insured chooses a doctor & receives services, and the insurance company pays the bill

- the insured often must pay part of the bill

a health insurance plan which requires patients to use doctors & hospitals that are part of an approved netowrk

- if a patient goes out of the network, the services either arent' covered or are reimbursed at a lower rate

- designed to screen out unnecessary and inappropriate care and to reduce costs 

a managed care structure that requires a client to have a PCP who's in the 1st contact & provides complete care

- the client can visit a specialist only after getting a referral from the PCP

a managed care structure that encourages clients to use health care providers from an approved network of doctors & hospitals

- fees from hospitals & doctors who aren't part of the network aren't covered or are reimbursed at a lower rate 

medical care within a residential setting

- provided to individuals who're unable to care for themselves but don't need intensive services provided in a hospital

a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits 1+ major life activities

- the individual has a record of such an impairment, or the person is regarded as having such an impairment

a severe, chronic disability that is attributable to a mental or physical impairment (or a combination) that manifests itself before the age of 22 and is likely to continue indefinitely

- the impairment is likely to continue indefinitely & result in substantial limitations in 3+ areas of major life activity (e.g. self-care, learning, mobility, economic self-sufficiency, capacity for independent living)

E.g. mental retardation, autism, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, Down Syndrome

(Antipsychotics)

- chemicals used to treat disorders

the shift in the location of psychiatric care from inpatient facilities (particularly public mental health hospitals) into the community

[taking the mentally ill out of institutions]

Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 

DSM-IV TR

lists all currently recognized mental disorders, provides a detailed description of each diagnistic categor, & specifies the diagnostic criteria practitioners should use to make reliable diagoses (codifies all diagnoses & gives criteria for meeting each one)

- published by the American Psychological Association

involuntary admission to inpatient health treatment

- once they're admitted (if by a 302 petition), they must stay in the hospital for 72 hours

any chemical substances taken internally that alter the body's functionng

- any substance that's manufactured specifically to relive pain or to treat or prevent diseases & other medical conditions - "any substance that affects you physiologically"

- any habit forming substance that directly afffects the brain & nervous system

- a chemical that affects moods, perceptions, body functions, or consciousness & that has the potential for misuse b/c it may be harmful to the user

- the OTCs, prescribed, & illicits

the regular or excessive use of a drug when the consequences endanger relationships with others, are detrimental to the user's health, or jeopardize society itself

- Substance Abuse is the continued use of alcohol or other drugs (legal or illegal) ... 

an intense craving for a particular chemical substance which develops after a period of physical dependency from heavy use

OR, a compulsion toward a specific behavior (e.g. the use of alcohol or other drugs, gambling, sex, pornography, ...) despite negative consequences, & a psychological or physical dependence on the behavior or substance being abused

the body needs the drug to function normally

--> bodily withdrawal symptoms from mild to severe when the substance isn't taken on a regular basis

the habit of using drugs or alcohol is motivated by emotional reasons

--> user feels psychological discomfort when substance use is interrupted or terminated

the process by which receptors in the brain become habituated to the use of a particular drug (the amount needed to receive the desired effect)

- when tolerance is reached, more of the drug is required to achieve desired effects

(1st stage of treatment)

detoxification & abstinence from drugs & alcohol, acceptance of the problem, & a commitment to permanently overcome the addiction 

(2nd stage of treatment)

intense therapeutic services

(3rd stage of treatment)

priority of engaging the client in therapy & skill building focused on relapse prevention

drugs that increase alertness, wakefulness, & energy

E.g. tobacco, nicotine, cocaine, caffeine, sugar

drugs that stimulate the CNS, speeding up the messages going to & from the brain & body, causing feelings of euphoria

- ingested by sniffing, snorting, smoking, injection, or being swallowed

E.g. ecstasy, denzadrine, speed, ice, crystal, crank

distort visual & sensory perception, often creating rpolonged episodes of emotionality that can resemble psychotic states

E.g. LSD, PCP, mushrooms, angel dust, marijuana

hallucinogens that alter sensory perceptions, mood, thought processes, or behavior by acting on teh nervous system, esp. the CNS

- taken as eye drops, smoked, chewed, swallowed, licked off paper, inhaled

drugs that cause disinhibition, reduce anxiety, & depress the CNS

- swallowed, inhalled, or injected

E.g. heroine, codeine, morphine, alcohol,  

         benzodiazapine, inhalants

a theory of crime that uses punishment to discourage people from committing crimes: people who don't associate certain, swift, & severe punishment w/ criminal activity will choose crime 

- the most popular theory

officially suspending criminal or juvenile proceedings so as to allow defendants to meet specified conditions (e.g. completing treatment, community service, an education program)

- sometimes, victims get the chance to interact with perpetrators

an act mandating an education for every child, including children with disabilities 

- was reauthorized as the Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA) in 1990

goal of limiting the removal of children with disabilities from regular education classes or schools

- a reauthorization of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act

making every effort to educate a child with a disability in his/her own neighborhood school and with his/her own peers 

- support services are brought to the child rather than taking the child to services in a special school

an outline for expected level of educational performance goals, objectives, & outcomes for a child with disabilities

- an IEP must be prepared for every child with a disability by a representative from the school district, the student's teacher, & the parents

- IEPs must be revised annually

ADHD, without hyperactivity 

- parents ay think that their child with ADD is lazy or willful, but s/he may be unable to process information as efficiently as most people

- children with ADD often lack organizational skills and have difficulty tracking things like homework

the act of removing a child with a disability from special education classes and placing him/her in 1 or more regular education classes

a teaching that challenges & rejects racism & other forms of discrimination in schools & society and teaches the value & appreciation of cultural diversity

- affirms diversity, including ethnic, racial, religious, linguistic, & gender differences; respects individuality while also promoting repsect for others

programs for students with limited or no proficiency in the English language; typically use the students native lanugage for academic & language arts instruction while the student is developing proficiency in English

- home language is typically limited to 2-3 years of use and then discontinued (time-limited)