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Definition
| The relative accuracy or correctness of the statement |
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| The extent to which a set of research findings provides compelling information about causality |
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| Three requirements must be met to establish firmly that one thing causes another (John Mill) |
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Definition
1.Covariation
2. Temporal Sequence
3. Eliminating confounds |
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Definition
Changes in one variable must correspond with changes in the other
- correlation |
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Definition
| The changes in the first variable must precede the changes in the second |
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Definition
| Two variables will covary with one another and give the false appearance of a causal relation - Example of a type of confound |
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Definition
| The extent to which a set of research findings provides an accurate description of what typically happens in the real world |
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Definition
| The extent to which the independent and dependent variables in a study truly represent the abstract, hypothetical variables of interest to the researcher. |
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Definition
| How well a specific research hypothesis maps onto the broader theory that it was designed to test |
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Definition
| The consistency or repeatability of a measure or observation |
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Definition
| Measuring a groupo of individuals at one time and then having them come back a second time to take the test again |
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Definition
| Remaining consistent during one questionnaire (p.79) |
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| Interobserver agreement or interrater reliability |
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Definition
| The degree to which different judges indepedently agree upon an observation or judgment |
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Term
| Nominal or categorical scale |
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Definition
| Involve meaningful but potentially arbitrary and nonnumerical names or categories |
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Definition
| Scales that involve order or ranking |
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Definition
| Measurement scales that make use of real numbers designating amounts to reflect relative differences in magnitude |
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Term
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Definition
| Unlike the lower-level scales, ratio scales always have a true zero point - at which none of the quantitiy under consideration is present. |
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