Term
| T/F Soil is a renewable resource. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 things that plants depend on from soil? |
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Definition
| Anchorage, water, oxygen, and nutrients |
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Term
| What are the components of soil? |
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Definition
| Solid particles and pore spaces |
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Term
| Compacted or not compacted. 50% soil, 50% pore space. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the larger pores that mainly provide space for air in the soil? |
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Definition
| Macropores and aeration pores |
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Term
| What are smaller pores that retain water for plant use? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the minimum amount of porosity that plants can thrive in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 3 horticultural uses of soil? |
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Definition
| Landscape, urban, and recreation |
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Term
| What is soil degradation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What 5 things typically cause soil degradation? |
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Definition
| Erosion/pollution, desertification, changes in soil chemistry, salinization, and loss of organic matter |
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Term
| T/F By managing soil, we can increase or decrease the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Organic matter is one of the planet's largest storers of carbon. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F When soil is disturbed, more O2 is released into the air. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process of storing carbon in soils, plants, or elseware? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are locations where carbon is sequestered? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Mineral soil portions are considered non-biodegradable. |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil particle is considered fine? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil particle is considered coarse? |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Organic material is considered non-biodegradable? |
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Definition
| False, it is biodegradable |
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Term
| What is considered compost and is the changing portion of the soil? |
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Definition
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Term
| What horizon is 0"-2" of soil depth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What horizon is 2"-10" of soil depth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What horizon is 10"-30" of soil depth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What horizon is 30"-48" of soil depth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What horizon is almost all organic matter and has a low mineral portion? |
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Definition
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Term
| What horizon is the "top soil", is high in organic matter, is dark in color, and is most of the rooting zone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What horizon is the "sub soil", has little organic material, is rocky, resembles parent materials, and is where soil development begins? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What 3 things does soil texture influence? |
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Definition
| Water retention, nutrient retention, and aeration |
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Term
| What soil particle is from 0.05 to 2mm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil particle is from .002 to .05mm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil particle is less than .002mm? |
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Definition
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Term
| To be considered gravel or stone, how large does it have to be? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil particle has high air retention and low water retention? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil particle holds large amount of the plant's available water and is prone to erosion? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil particle holds a large amount of water, most of it is unavailable, and is important in nutrient retention? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which 2 soil particles are spherical? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil particle is flake-like? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is equal amounts of each soil particles called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What's the best way to change soil texture? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the assumed particle density of soil? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are both particle density and bulk density measured in? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is assumed bulk density of uncultivated soils? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the assumed bulk density of cultivated soils? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the assumed bulk density of concrete? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is how soil particles clump together and forms into aggregates or peds? |
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Definition
| Soil structure (not texture) |
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Term
| T/F We can have soils of similar texture, but very different soil structures. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the % sand, silt, and clay? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is mostly spherical, is common in surface A horizons, and is most desirable for growing plants because of openness of peds and water can be held within granules and air can circulate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil structure is thin, flat, and is particularly found in compacted horizons and in E horizons? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil structure are aggregates shaped like cubes and are often found in the B horizon? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil structure are peds taller than they are wide and are most common in B horizons of well-developed soil? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil structure are vertical columns of soil with a salt cap on top? |
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Definition
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Term
| Order from most porous to least porous. Prism, cube, granular, platy. |
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Definition
| Granular, cube, prism, then platy |
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Term
| What are soil particles are clumps of soil that are held together by moist clay, organic matter (roots), gums (from bacteria and fungi), and by fungal hyphae? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil structure damage reduces porosity (structural), occurs as a thin zone (<1/8" thick). is caused by bucket or blade pressure, may occur when soil is wet or dry, and can be repaired? |
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Definition
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Term
| What soil structure damage reduces porosity (structural), occurs over large area or thickness, is caused by traffic, compression, or storage of heavy materials, is more likely to occur in wet soil, and is difficult to repair? |
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Definition
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Term
| What increases soil strength, but reduces porosity and permeability, air exchange, water infiltration and movement, water availability, and nutrient uptake? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of compaction impacts the top few inches and can be broken apart with tillage? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of compaction is up to 3ft deep and is hard to break up? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the E horizon and what does it stand for? |
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Definition
| Eluviation (disturbed soil) and is part of O horizon |
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