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| A defined set of step-by-step procedures that provides the correct answer to a particular problem. By following the instructions correctly, you are guaranteed to arrive at the right answer. |
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| A mental shortcut that allows people to solve problems and make judgments quickly and efficiently. Does not always guarantee the correct answer. Includes using a rule of thumb, an educated guess, an intuitive judgment, or common sense. |
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| Attempting to solve a problem by working from the goal back to the start. In math problems, working from the answer to the given information of a problem. |
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| Involves continuously asking where you are in relation to your final goal and then deciding on the means by which you can get one step closer to that goal. Sometimes used in writing a term paper. Writing an outline, finding the sources, rough draft, final copy. |
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| A cognitive bias that limits a person to using an object only in the way it is traditionally used. |
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| A pattern of deviation in judgment that occurs in particular situations, leading to perceptual distortion, inaccurate judgment, illogical interpretation, or what is broadly called irrationality. |
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| The ability to generate many different solutions to a problem. |
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| The ability to apply the rules of logic and what one knows about the world to narrow down the possible solutions to a problem. |
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| Symbols, and a set of rules for combining them, used as a means of communicating. |
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| Repetition of symbols; The first sounds infants make that resemble speech. |
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| Two word sentences that are brief and to the point. Used by toddlers beginning at 2. |
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Term
| Reliability and validity of tests |
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Definition
| The reliability of intelligence tests is generally evaluated on the basis of their stability or consistency. The validity of intelligence tests is usually based on their accuracy in guiding statements and predictions about people’s cognitive abilities. |
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Term
| Sternberg's theory of intelligence |
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Definition
| A complete theory of intelligence must deal with three different types of intelligence: analytic, creative, and practical. |
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