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Introduction to Politics
From Heywood, Massey University
35
Political Studies
Undergraduate 1
06/11/2011

Additional Political Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the four views of Politics?
Definition

Politics as:

the art of government

public affairs

compromise and consensus

power and resource distribution

(Heywood, 2007, p. 5)

Term
What are the three approaches to studying politics?
Definition

The philosophical tradition

The empirical tradition

The scientific tradition

 

(Heywood, 2007, p. 13-15)

Term
What are Aristotle's six typologies of government?
Definition

Tyranny              Monarchy

Oligarchy           Aristocracy

 Democracy              Polity      

 

(Heywood, p. 27)

Term
Who rules and who benefits in a tyranny?
Definition

 

One person rules

 

The ruler benefits

 

(Heywood, p. 27)

Term
Who rules and who benefits in an oligarchy?
Definition

 

The few rule

 

The rulers benefit

 

(Heywood, p.27)

Term
Who rules and who benefits in a democracy?
Definition

 

The many rule

 

The rulers benefit

 

(Heywood, p.27)

Term
Who rules and who benefits in a monarchy?
Definition

 

One person rules

 

All benefit

 

(Heywood, p.27)

Term
Who rules and who benefits in an aristocracy?
Definition

 

The few rule

 

All benefit

 

(Heywood, p. 27)

Term
Who rules and who benefits in a polity?
Definition

 

The many rule

 

All benefit

 

(Heywood, p. 27)

Term
What are the three Three Worlds typologies?
Definition

Capitalist First World

Communist Second World

Developing Third World

 

(Heywood, p.29)

Term
What are the five modern regime types?
Definition

Western Polyarchies

New Democracies

East Asian Regimes

Islamic Regimes

Military Regimes

(Heywood, p.32)

Term
What are the three dominant modern ideologies?
Definition

Liberalism

Conservatism

Socialism

 

(Heywood, p. 43)

Term
Apart from liberalism, conservatism and socialism, what are five modern ideologies
Definition

Fascism

Anarchism

Feminism

Environmentalism

Religious Fundamentalism

(Heywood, p.43)

Term
What are the seven elements of liberalism?
Definition

Individualism               Freedom

     Reason                   Equality

 Toleration                  Consent

Constitutionalism

 

(Heywood, p.45-47)

Term
What are the seven elements of conservatism?
Definition

Tradition                   Pragmatism

Human imperfection         Organiscism

Hierarchy                    Authority

Property

 

(Heywood, p. 49-50)

Term
What are the seven elements of socialism?
Definition

Community                    Fraternity

Social equality                     Need

        Social class             Common ownership

 

(Heywood, p. 54)

Term
What are the seven elements of marxism?
Definition

Historical materialism          Dialectical change

     Alienation                       Class struggle

         Surplus value              Proletarian revolution

Communism

 

(Heywood, p. 56)

Term
What are the four models of democracy?
Definition

Classical

Protective

Developmental

People's

 

(Heywood, p.76)

Term
What are the five views of democracy?
Definition

Pluralism

Elitism

Corpratism

the New Right

Marxism

(Heywood, p. 81-82)

Term
What are the five key features of a state?
Definition

The state is:

Sovereign

Public

an exercise in Legitimation

an instrument of Domination

a Territorial association

(Heywood, p. 91)

Term
What are the differences between a state and a government?
Definition

State                        Government

Whole                              Part

Permanent                    Temporary

End                              Means

Impersonal                    Ideological

Common Good                    Partisan           

(Heywood, p. 91-92)

Term
What are the four theories of the state?
Definition

Pluralist

Capitalist

Leviathan

Patriarchal

 

(Heywood, p. 92)

Term
What are the five forms of the state?
Definition

Minimal

Developmental

Social-democratic

Collectivised

Totalitarian

 

(Heywood, p.99)

Term
What are the two concepts of a nation?
Definition
Cultural Communities
Political Communities
(Heywood, p. 110)
Term
What are the four kinds of nationalism?
Definition
Liberal
Conservative
Expansionist
Anticolonial
(Heywood, p. 115)
Term
What are the four theoritical schools of international politics?
Definition
Idealism
Realism
Pluralism
(Heywood, p. 128)
Marxism
Term
What are the three kinds of globalisation?
Definition
Economic
Cultural
Political
(Heywood, p. 144)
Term
What are the benefits of a centralised government?
Definition
National Unity
Uniformity
Prosperity
(Heywood, p. 164)
Term
What are the benefits of a decentralised government?
Definition
Participation
Responsiveness
Legitimacy
(Heywood, p. 165)
Term
What are the three centre-periphery relationships?
Definition
Federal
Confederal
Unitary
(Heywood, p. 165)
Term
What are the features of a federal system?
Definition
Two relatively autonomous levels
Written constitution
Constitutional arbiter
Linking institutions
(Heywood, p. 169)
Term
What are the features of a capatilist economy?
Definition
An exchange market
Private ownership of productive wealth
Self-regulating market
Self-interest
(Heywood, p. 184)
Term
What are the features of a socialist economy?
Definition
Production based on use
Public ownership of productive wealth
Planned market
Cooperative
Term
What are the three kinds of capitalism?
Definition
Enterprise
Social
Collective
Term
What are the two kinds of socialism?
Definition
State
Market
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