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Introduction to Microbiology
vocab & review
76
Medical
Undergraduate 1
06/13/2011

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Cards

Term
5 Major classes of microorganisms
Definition
Viruses
Rickettsiae
Fungi
Protozoa
Bacteria
Term
Microorganism
Definition
Minute living body not perceptible to the naked eye.
Term
Obligate aerobe
Definition
Needs oxygen to survive.
Term
Interferon
Definition
Blocks the effect of the virus.
Term
Spirilla
Definition
Bacteria shaped like spirals.
Term
Bordetella pertussis
Definition
Whooping cough
Term
Normal flora
Definition
Bacteria that resides in your normal healthy tissue
Term
Nosocomial infection
Definition
When you get an infection in the hospital.
Term
cholerae
Definition
fibro cholerae
Term
whooping cough
Definition
bordella pertusis
Term
staphlococcus aureus
Definition
post op wound infection
Term
microbiology
Definition
the study of microoganisms
Term
bacteriology
Definition
the study of bacteria
Term
mycology
Definition
the study of fungi
Term
mycosis
Definition
any disease induced by a fungus
Term
parasitology
Definition
the study of parasites
Term
morpholoy
Definition
the science of structure and form
Term
pathogen
Definition
a disease-causing microorganism
Term
virulence
Definition
relative power of a pathogen to cause disease
Term
autotrophic
Definition
cable of growing in absence of organic compounds; self-nourishing
Term
heterotrophic
Definition
requiring orghanic compounds to live and grow
Term
aerobe
Definition
microorganism; requires oxygen to ive
Term
anaerobe
Definition
microorganism does not require oxygen to live
Term
obligate
Definition
compulsory, must have oxygen to live
Term
saprophyte
Definition
an organism living on decaying or dead organic matter
Term
binary fission
Definition
a method of asexual reproduction in which the cell divides into two parts
Term
inclusion bodies
Definition
small round bodies found in cells affected by a virus
Term
bacteriophage
Definition
a virus that attacks bacteria
Term
flagellum
Definition
a hairlike motile process on the extremity of a bacterium or a protozoan
Term
normal flora
Definition
bacteria that normally reside in the tissue of healthy individuals
Term
pathogen
Definition
disease causing microorganism
Term
rubella
Definition
is german measles
Term
spores
Definition
are an inactive dormant form of bacteria
Term
staph
Definition
what is a hospital acquired infection?
Term
vibrio cholera
Definition
is cholera
Term
endotoxin
Definition
bacterial bi-product that released after an organism has died is
Term
autoclaving
Definition
will destroy spores
Term
slightly alkaline structure
Definition
most bacteria prefer an environment that is a
Term
sterile
Definition
when a surface is completely free of all microoganism including spores
Term
virus
Definition
microorganism that borrow from the host cell is
Term
antibiosis
Definition
one organism produces substances or causes conditions which are lethal for other organisms
Term
mutualism
Definition
each organism derives a benefit from the other
Term
hepatitis
Definition
is viscerotrophic
Term
anything ending cocci
Definition
is not motile
Term
streptococci
Definition
sphere like bacteria that's arranged in long chains
Term
capsule
Definition
structure that increases the virulence of a bacteria
Term
tetanus aka lockjaw
Definition
is an example of an exotoxin
Term
endotoxins
Definition
are liberated only when the bacterial cell dies and disintegrates
Term
staphylococcus aureus
Definition
most post-operative wound infection
Term
streptococcus pyogenes
Definition
strep throat, scarlet fever
Term
bordetella pertussis
Definition
whooping cough
Term
clostridium perfringens
Definition
gas gangrene
Term
clostridium tetani
Definition
tetanus aka lockjaw
Term
escherichia coli (e.coli)
Definition
gastroenteritis
Term
clostridium botulinum
Definition
botulism
Term
rickettsiae
Definition
are much smaller than bacterian but larger than viruses
Term
rickettsiae
Definition
are parasites
Term
viruses
Definition
rickettsiae are much smaller than bacteria but larger than
Term
helminths
Definition
are commonly called worms
Term
an electron
Definition
viruses are the smallest organism known; can only be seen with the aid of ______microscope
Term
complex
Definition
viruses are very ______
Term
parasites
Definition
viruses are _____
Term
spherical in shape
Definition
viruses of human beings and animals are generally ______
Term
rod-shaped
Definition
viruses of plants are _____
Term
no
Definition
viruses have ___metabolic functions of their own
Term
Inclusion bodies
Definition
_______are found in host cells that have been affected by a virus
Term
blocks
Definition
interferon ______the effect of the virus
Term
by both direct and indirect
Definition
viruses are transmitted _________contact
Term
measles and chicken pox
Definition
list two dermotrophic viruses
Term
influenza and common cold
Definition
list two pneumotrophic viruses
Term
polio and rabies
Definition
list two neurotrophic viruses
Term
mumps and hepatitis
Definition
list two viscerotrophic viruses
Term
aids and hiv
Definition
list two immunotrophic viruses
Term
gonorrhea
Definition
neisseria gonnorrhoeae
Term
spirillum
Definition
longer, rigid, curved organism, usually with several spirals and several flagella
Term
bacterial dysentery
Definition
shigella dysenteriae
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