Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Intro to Stats
Test Review 1
32
Mathematics
Undergraduate 1
12/05/2012

Additional Mathematics Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the difference between Numerical and Categorical Variables?
Definition
Quality and Quantity
Term
What is a two-way table?
Definition
Used for categorical varibles 
Term
Observational Study?
Definition
Watching, not controlling variables
Term
Controlled Experiment?
Definition
Researchers choose groups randomly
Term
What are the 3 ways to display Numerical Distribution?
Definition

1. Histogram

2. Dot plot

3. Stem plot

4. Box plot

Term
What are the 3 features discusses for Numerical Distribution?
Definition

1. Shape (symmetrical, bimodal, unimodal)

2. Spread (IQR or Range)

3. Center (Median)

Term
What are the 2 ways to display Categorical Distribution?
Definition

1. Bar Chart

2. Pie Graph 

Term
What are the 2 features of a Categorical Distribution?
Definition

1. Variability (diversity)

2. Mode (thing that occurs the most)

Term
3 shapes in Mean vs Meadian in skewed distribustion
Definition

1.Mean=Meadian→symmetric

2. Mean>Median→right-skewed

3.Mean<Median→left-skewed

 

Term
What is IQR?
Definition

Interquartile Range, how spread out the middle 50% of data is (measure of spread)

-Q3-Q1

Term
What measures are resistant to outliers?
Definition

1. Median (center)

2. IQR (spread)

Term
What are the 4 features used to describe a scatterplot?
Definition

1.Trend (positive or negative)

2.Strength (weak or strong)

3.Shape (liner or not)

4. Outliers

Term
How do we find potential outliers?
Definition
Any point 1.5XIQR away from Q1 or Q3(edges of the box)
Term
What is the Five Number Summary?
Definition

1.Min

2.Q1

3.Median

4.Q3

5.Max

Term
Treatment Variable
Definition
Type of letter groupings (x)
Term
Response Variable
Definition
# of letter memorized (Y)
Term
What is the Emperical Rule?
Definition
The rules gives the approximate % of observations w/in 1 standard deviation (68%), 2 standard deviations (95%) and 3 standard deviations (99.7%) of the mean when the histogram is well approx. by a normal curve
Term
Regression Line Formula 
Definition

y=a+bx

 

a=(y-intercept)

bx(slope)

Term
Correlation Coefficient 
Definition

1. -1≤r≤1

2. r positive (+ trend)

r negative (- trend)

3. strength

close to 1 or -1 (strong)

close to 0 (weak)

Term
Double-Blind
Definition
a test procedure in which the identity of those receiving the intervention is concealed from both the administrators and the subjects until after the test is completed
Term
Relative Frequency
Definition
another term for proportion; number of times event occurs divided by the number of trials (long run)
Term
Extrapolation
Definition
making predictions beyond intended bounds
Term
Coefficient of Determination
Definition

-Reported as a percent

-measures the variation in the response variable 

Term
Frequency
Definition
How many times the value occured in the collection of data (count) 
Term
Blind
Definition
When someone who doesn't see the participants or doesn't participate in determining the results handles the assignment group
Term
Random Assignment 
Definition
Assignment is left to chance (Flipping a coin)
Term
Observational Units
Definition
It's the individual entities whose characteristics are measured (In a study of flaws in a manufacturing system, an "observational unit" might be a toy that the system produces)
Term
Is a mean resistant to outliers?
Definition
No
Term
Is a Median resistant to outliers?
Definition
Yes
Term
Is the standard deviation resistant to outliers?
Definition
No
Term
Is the (Lower Quartile-Upper Quartile) ÷ 2 resistant to outliers?
Definition
Yes
Term
Is the (Maximum-Minimum) ÷ 2 resistant to outliers?
Definition
No
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