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| The study of human behavior in society |
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| People react to things differently depending on their immediate environment. Ex: If a person tries coffee alone in a loud place, they may realize immediately that they don't like coffee. However, if they experience it for the first time with friends they may like it because of its good associations. |
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| A post medieval historical period, one marked by the move from feudalism toward capitalism, industrialization, secularization, rationalization, the nation-state and from traditional to legal forms of authority. |
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| A tendency to consider material possessions and physical comfort as more important than spiritual values |
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| Refers to the patterns of communication, interpretation and adjustment between individuals. Both the verbal and nonverbal responses that a listener then delivers are similarly constructed in expectation of how the original speaker will react |
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| Framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. Functionalism addresses society as a whole in terms of the function of its constituent elements; namesly norms, customes, traditions, and institutions. A common analogy, poularized by Herbert Spencer, presents these parts of society as "organs" that work toward the proper functioning of society as a whole |
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| Marx posited that apitalism like previous socioeconomic systems, would inevitably produce internal tensions leading to its own destruction. Marx ushered in radical change, advocating proletarian revolution and freedom from the ruling classes. At the same time, Karl Marx was aware that most of the people living in capitalish societies did not see how the system shaped the entire operation of society |
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| A set of processes leading to the development of pattern of economic, cultural, and social relationships that transcend geographical boundaries; a widening, deepening, and speeding up of worldwide interconnectedness in all aspects of contemporary life |
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| The doctrine that several different cultures (rather than one national culture) can coexist peacefully and equitably in a single country) can coexist peacefully and equitably in a single country |
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| The sets of values and ideals that we understand to define morality, good and evil, appropriate and inappropriate. Culture defines larger structural forces and how you perceive them. |
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| Consists of the things people make and the things they use to make them - the tools they use, physical environments they inhabit |
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| consists of the ideas and beliefs people develop about their world. People who live near rich, wooded land with lots of wildlife will develop different belief systems than desert nomads |
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| The world's cultures are vastly different from each other |
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| the world's cultures are vastly different from one another |
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| The feeling of disorientation, because the cultural markers that we rely on to help us know where we are, and how to act, have suddenly changed |
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| a belief that one's culture is superior to others. We often use our own culture as a reference point when we evaluate others |
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| a position that all cultures are equally valid in the experience of their own members |
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| a group of people within a culture who share some distinguishing characteristic, beliefs, values, or attributes that set them apart from the dominant culture |
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