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Definition
| A cell in the nervous system whose function is to receive and transmit information |
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| Collects information from other cells |
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| Contains the nucleus and keeps the cell alive |
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| Transmits information away from the cell body toward other neurons |
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| Fatty tissue surrounding the axon that speeds the transmission |
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| Transmits the signal to the next neuron |
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| Where the terminal button of one neuron almost touches the dendrite of another neuron |
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| All of the message is passed or none at all |
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| Change in electric charge-temporarily becomes positively charged |
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| Stimulus for action potential |
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| A chemical that relays signals across the synapses between neurons |
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| cell is more likely to fire - increase action potential |
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| cell is less likely to fire - decreases action potential |
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| Dendrites only admit neurotransmitters that are the right shape |
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| Uses pleasure as a reward system |
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| Mood, Apetite, Sleep, Aggression |
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| Natural pain reliever; exercise, sex, spicy food |
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| Sufficient to maintain life on its own; heart beat, circulation, respiration |
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| Coordinates voluntary movement; emotional response |
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| Controls Movement (balance and walking) |
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| Runs through medulla and pons - walking, eating, sexual activity, sleeping |
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| Regulates body temperature; hunger, thirst, sex, pleasure "pleasure center" (4 F's) |
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| Egg shaped structure above brain stem; important for sleep because it shuts off incoming signals from the senses |
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| 2 Almond shaped clusters; responsible for aggression and fear |
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| Stores information in long term memory |
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| Brains ability to change its structure and function in response to experience or damage |
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| The forming of new neurons |
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| Speaking, writing, understanding language, math, judging time, rhythm |
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| Perceptual skills, recognizing objects, artistic |
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| Region that connects the two halves of the brain |
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| Left and right hemispheres are specialized to perform different functions |
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| Processes information about touch |
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| Thinking, planning, memory, judgement, and emotion information processed |
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| Hearing and Language processed |
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| Railway worker who had an iron rod driven through his cheek and out the frontal lobe |
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| Records electrical activity produced by the brains neurons |
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| Uses magnetic field to create images of the brain activity in each brain area - detects blood flow in each region |
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| Carries information from sensory receptors |
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| Transmits information to muscles and glands |
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| Long, thin tubular bundle of nerves that extends from the brain |
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| major controller of the body's functions - brain and spinal cord |
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| Peripheral Nervous System |
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| Links the Central Nervous System to the body's sense receptors, muscles, and glands |
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| Controls external aspects of the body; skeletal, muscles, skin, sense organs |
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| Deals with internal activities; heart rate, breathing, digestion, perspiration |
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| Prepares body for behavior by activating |
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| Calms body by slowing the heart and breathing |
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| Interacts with sympathetic and parasympathetic systems to influence feelings and behaviors |
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| Body growth, trigger production of sex hormone "master gland" |
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| Secretes melatonin; helps regulate the wake-sleep cycle |
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| Hormones secreted by women |
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| estrogen and progesterone |
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