Term
|
Definition
| the critical examination concerning the nature of reality, knowledge and truth, and our personal or social values |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an idea or concept that one accepts as true |
|
|
Term
| Basic Foundational Belief |
|
Definition
| central or foundational beliefs to our overall worldview that we don't often think about; the big questions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| beliefs that we normally do not question but assume are true |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| discipline concerned directly with reality; biology, mathematics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| concerned with methods and presuppositions of first order disciplines i.e. philosophy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| we have an obligation to seek knowledge, for the more we understand life, the more meaningful it becomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an explanation and interpretation of the world and an application of the view to life |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| there are no contradictions within a worldview |
|
|
Term
| External Comprehensiveness |
|
Definition
| the worldview accounts for new knowledge and ideas outside of it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the beliefs within a worldview correlate and work together to mutually support one another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the art and science of textual interpretation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the defense of the faith from outside influences; purpose is to show that attacks on Christianity are false |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| defense of the attacks that develop from within the faith |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the supernatural and reality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of origin and purpose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of existence of the supernatural |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of existence itself |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the branches of philosophy pertaining to values |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of how art is determined and interpreted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the study of the past of philosophy (Socrates, Plato, Aristotle) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the examination of history through philosophical wiles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of propositions (reasons) that support a certain belief (conclusion); the conclusion is said to follow from the reasons given |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the belief that one is trying to support |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the relationship b/t the premises and the conclusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the structure of an argument; valid if the conclusion follows from the premises |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| invalid argument; conclusion does not follow the premises |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an argument is both valid and true via the premises |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the idea that certain laws are undeniably logical and there is nothing in logic that can escape these laws without losing soundness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| something cannot both be and not be at the same time and in the same respect ~(A^~A) |
|
|
Term
| Law of the Excluded Middle |
|
Definition
| Something either is or is not Av~A |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Something is what it is A=A |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| form of logic where the conclusion is guaranteed by the premises if valid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the formal procedure of writing out a deductive argument |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a proposition that affirms or denies something in terms of subject and predicate (all of A is B, all of B is C, therefore all of A is C) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| made up of categorical propositions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a syllogism made up of one disjunctive proposition as a premise, the denial of one of the alternates as the other premise, and the affirmation of the other alternant in the conclusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A proposition which affirms or denies something in terms of two alternants in the form of an either/or statement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an alternative in a disjunctive proposition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a syllogism made up of one or two hypothetical propositions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a conditional statement that affirms or denies something in terms of an antecedent ("if") and a consequent ("then") |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mixed hypothetical syllogism; If A, then B. A. Therefore B |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mixed hypothetical syllogism; If A, then B. Not B. Therefore not A. |
|
|
Term
| Pure Hypothetical Syllogism |
|
Definition
| If A then B. If B then C. Therefore If A then C. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| logic that leads only to a probably conclusion, not a necessary one; no certainty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Basing a conclusion on an insufficient number of particulars |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| applying a generalization to a specific case to which the rule does not apply (giving a drunk friend's keys back to him) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drawing an analogy between two things that are not similar in relevant areas |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| erroneously generalizing from specific parts to the whole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| erroneously generalizing from the whole to specific parts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fallacy that is committed when someone argues that one must choose between two options but there are other alternatives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fallacy committed when one's argument assumes the truth he is trying to prove |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| claiming something is true just because it has not been proved otherwise or claiming something is false because it has not been proven true |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| word or phrase is used in different senses i in different places in the same argument |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| attacking the weak arguments while simultaneously ignoring the stronger ones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ad Hominem; attacks character or circumstance of the person |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| claiming that something is right because everyone does or because someone who is famous does it; "bandwagon" fallacy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when someone presumes without good evidence that there is a casual connection between two events |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when generalizations are based off of a non random sample group |
|
|
Term
| What famous quote was said by Socrates pertaining to a philosophical life? |
|
Definition
| "The unexamined life is not worth living" |
|
|
Term
| What is critical examination (3 elements)? |
|
Definition
1. Clarification- what does it mean?
2. Justification- is it true and why?
3. Evaluation- what is the significance? |
|
|
Term
| What are the 6 characteristics of philosophy? |
|
Definition
1. philosophy rarely deals with facts themselves
2. philosophy is more often concerned with method than content
3. one of the chief goals is clarification
4. examines and evaluates everything, nothing is taken for granted
5. it is usually concerned with foundational issues that have been around for ages
6. often appeals to systems of principles or guidelines that we regard as truth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an attitude or approach to life that involves the critical examination of beliefs to ascertain what they mean, if they are true, and what value they have |
|
|
Term
| What is the importance of a Philosophical Mindset? |
|
Definition
1. The value of examining life
2. Philosophy helps us to define and clarify what we and others believe
3. By arguing through a problem we are forced to understand it better
4. Philosophy helps us to formulate comprehensive systems of belief where our knowledge can be categorized and examined
5. It has practical value for everyday life |
|
|
Term
| What is the Biblical Mandate? |
|
Definition
| Colossians 2:8 "See to it that no one takes you captive through hollow and deceptive philosophy, which depends on human tradition and the basic principles of this world rather than on Christ." |
|
|
Term
| What are the three parts of the Biblical Mandate? |
|
Definition
1. Recognize the importance scripture places upon the use of our reason and intellect
2. Construct a Christian worldview
3. Refute views contrary to the Christian worldview |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| that we should receive the word with readiness of mind and search the scriptures daily |
|
|
Term
| What does 2 Cor, 10:5 state? |
|
Definition
| we are to destroy speculations and every "lofty" thing raised up against the knowledge of God; everything is for the obedience of Christ |
|
|
Term
| What does 1 Peter 3:15 state? |
|
Definition
| we are to be prepared to give a defense to anyone who asks |
|
|
Term
| Principles of the Critical Usage of Scripture |
|
Definition
1. avoid proof texting
2. Never appeal to a passage without being aware of its literary and historical context
4. Recognize the difference between the biblical text and your interpretation of the Biblical text, don't conflate
9. Don't force a passage or feel like you must quote a Biblical passage on every issue; all truth is God's truth |
|
|
Term
| Four Categories of Metaphysics |
|
Definition
| Cosmological, Theological, Anthropological, Ontological |
|
|
Term
| Two Categories of Metaphysics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the conclusion follows the premises |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the premises have the value of being true |
|
|
