Term
|
Definition
| (Aristotle) Virtue defined as the disposition that avoids excess & deficiency |
|
|
Term
| The Formula of Universal Law |
|
Definition
| (Kant) Act only in accordance with that maxim through which you can, at the same time, will that it become a universal law |
|
|
Term
| Aristotle’s Theory of Evil |
|
Definition
| Evil is born of weakness in human nature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fathered hedonism that says true happiness is born of tranquility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Things pious because God loves them or God love things because they’re pious? |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Objection to Kant’s Formula of Humanity regarding animal torture being moral |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prudence, justice, & honor |
|
|
Term
| The Greatest Happiness Principle |
|
Definition
| (Mill) Actions are right in proportion that they promote happiness, wrong as they tend not to |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Evil is born of ignorance when people make decisions without enough information |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thought that since happiness is the sole end of human action, it is the criterion for morality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thought human flourishing is the highest good |
|
|
Term
| Forced Happiness Objection |
|
Definition
| Some people only desire autonomous happiness as an objection to hedonism |
|
|
Term
| People with Diminished Capacity Objection |
|
Definition
| Objection to Kant’s Formula of Humanity on the basis of mistreating them since they are incapable of autonomy |
|
|
Term
| Kant’s Objection to Hedonism |
|
Definition
| Only good will, not happiness, is unconditionally valuable and thus worth pursuing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (Kant) so act that you use humanity, whether in yourself or others, always at the same time as an end, never merely as a means |
|
|
Term
| Augustine’s Theory of Evil |
|
Definition
| Malevolence, or evil for evil’s sake |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Father of the categorical imperative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Embodied the principle of civil disobedience |
|
|
Term
| False Happiness Objection |
|
Definition
| Objection to hedonism on the grounds that some people desire only authentic happiness, even if false happiness is more pleasurable |
|
|
Term
| Higher and Lower Pleasures |
|
Definition
| (Mill) higher pleasures are generally more intellectual pleasures and lower pleasures are more sensual pleasures. |
|
|
Term
| Mill’s “Proof” of Hedonism |
|
Definition
1. We desire happiness & nothing else
2. If we ought to desire anything, it ought to be happiness
3. Therefore, we ought to desire happiness |
|
|
