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| an relational operation that causes two tables with a common domain to be combined into a single table |
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| is formed when a query on multiple tables is attempted and the join condition is omitted or is invalid |
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| the most common JOIN used, the query output includes only those data rows that have matching values for the two common columns specified in the join condition |
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| a join in which data rows that do not have matching values in the columns are nevertheless included in the query output |
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| a join that represents a recursive unary relationship of a table with itself |
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| Nested Subqueries (Noncorrelated Subqueries) |
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| information exchange is unidirectional, going only from the inner query to the outer query. The query is processed only once, and its info is passed out to the outer query, which also executes just once |
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| information exchange is bidirectional, going both directions between the inner and outer queries. The outer query obtains a row and passes it into the inner query, which executes and then passes its results back out to the outer query, which then uses this result in its processing. |
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| SQL command set that runs as a group |
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| one or more batches saves as a file |
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| used to temporarily store values in memory |
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| begins the batch statements |
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| ends the batch statements |
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